IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global and Regional Estimate of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Prevalence for 2019-2021 by International Association of Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group's Criteria.

By Hui Wang, Ninghua Li, T. Chivese, M. Werfalli, Hong Sun, Lili Yuen, Cecilia Ambrosius Hoegfeldt, Camille Elise Powe, J. Immanuel, S. Karuranga and 5 more. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 2021

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AIMS The approaches used to screen and diagnose gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) vary widely. We generated a comparable estimate of the global and regional prevalence of GDM by International Association of Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group (IADPSG) criteria. METHODS We searched PubMed and other databases and retrieved 57 studies to estimate the prevalence of GDM. Prevalence rate ratios of different diagnostic criteria, screening strategies and age groups, were used to standardize the prevalence of GDM in individual studies included in the analysis. Fixed effects meta-analysis was conducted to estimate standardized pooled prevalence of GDM by IDF regions and World Bank income groups. RESULTS In 2019-2021, the pooled global standardized prevalence of GDM was 14.0% (95% confidence interval: 13.97-14.04%). The regional standardized prevalence of GDM was 7.1% (7.0-7.2%) in North America and Caribbean (NAC), 7.8% (7.2-8.4%) in Europe (EUR), 10.4% (10.1-10.7%) in South America and Central America (SACA), 14.2% (14.0-14.4%) in Africa (AFR), 14.7% (14.7-14.8%) in Western Pacific (WP), 20.8% (20.2-21.4%) in South-East Asia (SEA) and 27.6% (26.9-28.4%) in Middle East and North Africa (MENA). The standardized prevalence of GDM in low-, middle- and high-income countries were 12.7% (11.0-14.6%), 9.2% (9.0-9.3%) and 14.2% (14.1-14.2%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The highest standardized prevalence of GDM was in MENA and SEA, followed by WP and AFR. Among the three World Bank country income groups, high income countries had the highest standardized prevalence of GDM. The standardized estimates for the prevalence of GDM provide an insight for the global picture of GDM.

Subfields: Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health

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