Effect of Surface Roughness on Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Characteristics at Low Reynolds Numbers in Small Diameter Tubes

By Satish G. Kandlikar, S. Joshi, Shu-qing Tian. 2003

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History, Advances, and Challenges in Liquid Flow and Flow Boiling Heat Transfer in Microchannels: A Critical Review (2012, background): “[42] indicated an increase in the heat transfer coefficient with stainless steel minichannels with different relative roughness values obtained through acid etching.”
The heat transfer enhancement techniques and their Thermal Performance Factor (2018, methodology): “To determine the effect of roughness on small diameter pipe, experiments were performed by Kandlikar et al. (2003). They generated roughness by acid treatment. Their results revealed that roughness increases Nu and pressure drop simultaneously and transition to turbulence starts below Re = 2300. Li ”
Tractions, Balances, and Boundary Conditions for Nonsimple Materials with Application to Liquid Flow at Small-Length Scales (2006, result): “In particular, reduced flow rates of the sort predicted in our analysis of plane Poiseuille flow are consistent with experiments performed in microchannels with rough walls [15, 17, 20, 21, 28–30, 33].”
Fluid flow in micro-channels (2005, methodology): “[26] and Sharp and Adrian [14] obtained the critical Reynolds number in the range Recr 1700– 2300.”
Heat transfer in micro-channels: Comparison of experiments with theory and numerical results (2005, background): “Plots of local Nusselt number for different k/Din ratios [50].”