How to normalize cooccurrence data? An analysis of some well-known similarity measures

By Nees Jan van Eck, Ludo Waltman. J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol., 2009

711 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Management of Technology and Innovation

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/476e152a5e9999cc252bbde95fb9dce8e73236c2

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In Management of Technology and Innovation

Citations in the corpus

Literature review on the ‘Smart Factory’ concept using bibliometric tools (2017, methodology): “VoS viewer (http://www.vosviewer.com/) is another software tool able to analyse bibliometric networks and, in this work, it was used to study keywords network applying the VoS clustering methodology (Van Eck and Waltman 2009).”
Visualizing the structure and bridges of the intellectual property management and strategy literature: a document co-citation analysis (2014, positive): “Also, the most appropriate measure for normalizing co-occurrence frequencies is the so-called association strength (e.g., Van Eck and Waltman 2007; Van Eck et al. 2006).”
Some bibliometric procedures for analyzing and evaluating research fields (2017, neutral): “When the network of relationships between the selected units of analysis has been built, a normalization process is needed to correct the data for diﬀerences in the number of occurrences [65].”
Reconfigurable supply chain: the X-network (2020, neutral): “Within this sample, VOSviewer Co-occurrence Analysis (VCA) and its clustering functions have been used, which help compute similarities between key terms given their association strength and a weighted sum of squared distance (van Eck and Waltman, 2009; Ali and Golgeci 2019).”
A unified approach to mapping and clustering of bibliometric networks (2010, background): “…links, or bibliographic coupling links) between nodes i and j ( c ij = c ji ≥ 0). s ij denotes the association strength of nodes i and j (Van Eck & Waltman, 2009) and is given by where c i denotes the total number of links of node i and m denotes the total number of links in the…”
Science mapping software tools: Review, analysis, and cooperative study among tools (2011, methodology): “A review of similarity measures used in science mapping was carried out in (van Eck & Waltman, 2009).”
Visualizing Bibliometric Networks (2014, methodology): “We first discuss the association strength normalization (Van Eck & Waltman, 2009) used by VOSviewer to normalize for differences between nodes in the number of edges they have to other nodes.”
Transport Infrastructure Development, Public Performance and Long-Run Economic Growth: A Case Study for the Eu-28 Countries (2018, methodology): “To estimate the index of transport infrastructure status, we calculated the weighted average of the three factors, considering the percentage of variance for each of them (see Equation (1)), and then applying a normalization procedure validated in the literature [105] (see Equation (2)).”
Tourism and its economic impact: A literature review using bibliometric tools (2018, background): “…defined as ASij ¼ cij cicj Where cij is the measure of the occurrence of the keywords i and j in the same document and ci and cj are the expected numbers of co-occurrences of i and j under the assumption that the co-occurrences of i and j are statistically independent (Van Eck and Waltman, 2009).”