Hydrogen isotope ratios in animal body protein reflect trophic level

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STABLE ISOTOPES AND THE DETERMINATION OF AVIAN MIGRATORY CONNECTIVITY AND SEASONAL INTERACTIONS (2005, background): “The recent suggestion that δD values refl ect trophic level (Birchall et al. 2005) is questionable but deserves controlled studies using birds.”
Stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in aquatic food webs are tracers of diet and provenance (2013, methodology): “animal protein (Birchall et al. 2005).”
Stable hydrogen isotopes of bone collagen in palaeodietary and palaeoenvironmental reconstruction (2008, result): “This results in a fractionation factor of a ¼ 1.080 (e ¼ 80&) at 114 � C. This is consistent with the values for OeH bonds in small organic molecules of a ¼ 1.00e1.11 ( Bigeleisen, 1965 ).”
Isotopic ecology ten years after a call for more laboratory experiments (2009, background): “Birchall et al. (2005) reported large differences in d2H values between the collagen of carnivores and herbivores, and assumed that these differences were the result of a trophic/biomagnification effect.”
Ten years of experimental animal isotopic ecology (2009, unknown): “In another example, Birchall et al. (2005) reported large differences in δ2H values between the collagen of carnivores and herbivores, and assumed that these differences were the result of a trophic/biomagnification effect.”