Cosmic rays from the knee to the highest energies

By J. Blümer, Ralph Engel, J. Hoerandel. 2009

304 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Abstract This review summarizes recent developments in the understanding of high-energy cosmic rays. It focuses on galactic and presumably extragalactic particles in the energy range from the knee (10 15  eV ) up to the highest energies observed ( > 10 20  eV). Emphasis is put on observational results, their interpretation, and the global picture of cosmic rays that has emerged during the last decade.

Subfields: Nuclear and High Energy Physics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/46d0145faf7a608bda45e55e15c0ea17cf4a8a93

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In Nuclear and High Energy Physics

1. Robert P. Fender
2. S. Markoff
3. Heino Falcke
4. P. Best
5. H. Intema
6. Ralph Engel
7. Todor Stanev
8. J. Miller-Jones

Citations in the corpus

• LOFAR: The LOw-Frequency ARray (2013, background): “Up to the knee in the spectrum the composition of the primary CRs is dominated by protons, but at higher energies the compo- sition still needs clarification (Blümer et al. 2009; Kampert & Unger 2012).”
• IceCube high-energy starting event sample: Description and flux characterization with 7.5 years of data (2020, background): “Although there is uncertainty in the shape of the muon spectrum, the yield of muons from cosmic-ray air showers has more significant modeling uncertainties that stem from uncertainties in the hadronic interaction cross sections [127] and the cosmic-ray composition [128].”