Sculpting oscillators with light within a nonlinear quantum fluid
By G. Tosi, G. Christmann, Natalia G. Berloff, P. Tsotsis, T. Gao, Z. Hatzopoulos, P. Savvidis, J. Baumberg. Nature Physics, 2011
193 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Polaritons—quasiparticles made up of a photon and exciton strongly coupled together—can form macroscopic quantum states even at room temperature. Now these so-called condensates are imaged directly. This achievement could aid the development of semiconductor-based polariton-condensate devices. Seeing macroscopic quantum states directly remains an elusive goal. Particles with boson symmetry can condense into quantum fluids, producing rich physical phenomena as well as proven potential for interferometric devices1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10. However, direct imaging of such quantum states is only fleetingly possible in high-vacuum ultracold atomic condensates, and not in superconductors. Recent condensation of solid-state polariton quasiparticles, built from mixing semiconductor excitons with microcavity photons, offers monolithic devices capable of supporting room-temperature quantum states11,12,13,14 that exhibit superfluid behaviour15,16. Here we use microcavities on a semiconductor chip supporting two-dimensional polariton condensates to directly visualize the formation of a spontaneously oscillating quantum fluid. This system is created on the fly by injecting polaritons at two or more spatially separated pump spots. Although oscillating at tunable THz frequencies, a simple optical microscope can be used to directly image their stable archetypal quantum oscillator wavefunctions in real space. The self-repulsion of polaritons provides a solid-state quasiparticle that is so nonlinear as to modify its own potential. Interference in time and space reveals the condensate wavepackets arise from non-equilibrium solitons. Control of such polariton-condensate wavepackets demonstrates great potential for integrated semiconductor-based condensate devices.
Subfields: Acoustics and Ultrasonics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/46c1d2879f09da5524a96b8764fa7c9209aa218c
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In Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Citations in the corpus
- Exciton-polaritons in lattices: A non-linear photonic simulator (2016, methodology): “This technique has been used to accelerate [51–53], stop [54], trap polaritons [55,56] and set them in rotation [57].”