MXenes stretch hydrogel sensor performance to new limits

By Yizhou Zhang, K. Lee, D. Anjum, Rachid Sougrat, Qiu Jiang, Hyunho Kim, Husam N. Alshareef. Science Advances, 2018

654 citations recorded by the source corpus.

We developed stretchable and self-healable MXene hydrogel that can sense complex motions without multiple sensor arrays. The development of wearable electronics, point-of-care testing, and soft robotics requires strain sensors that are highly sensitive, stretchable, capable of adhering conformably to arbitrary and complex surfaces, and preferably self-healable. Conductive hydrogels hold great promise as sensing materials for these applications. However, their sensitivities are generally low, and they suffer from signal hysteresis and fluctuation due to their viscoelastic property, which can compromise their sensing performance. We demonstrate that hydrogel composites incorporating MXene (Ti3C2Tx) outperform all reported hydrogels for strain sensors. The obtained composite hydrogel [MXene-based hydrogel (M-hydrogel)] exhibits outstanding tensile strain sensitivity with a gauge factor (GF) of 25, which is 10 times higher than that of pristine hydrogel. Furthermore, the M-hydrogel exhibits remarkable stretchability of more than 3400%, an instantaneous self-healing ability, excellent conformability, and adhesiveness to various surfaces, including human skin. The M-hydrogel composite exhibits much higher sensitivity under compressive strains (GF of 80) than under tensile strains. We exploit this asymmetrical strain sensitivity coupled with viscous deformation (self-recoverable residual deformation) to add new dimensions to the sensing capability of hydrogels. Consequently, both the direction and speed of motions on the hydrogel surface can be detected conveniently. Based on this effect, M-hydrogel demonstrates superior sensing performance in advanced sensing applications. Thus, the traditionally disadvantageous viscoelastic property of hydrogels can be transformed into an advantage for sensing, which reveals prospects for hydrogel sensors.

Subfields: Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Materials Chemistry

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/454118ec74674a1d89b1ea4042f3a851c42fb3f0

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Citations in the corpus

MXetronics: Electronic and photonic applications of MXenes (2019, methodology): “Several types of MXene-based sensors have been demonstrated for monitoring the mechanical strain,[88-92] gases,[93-96] and biomolecules.”