High Temperature Tolerance in Aegilops Species and Its Potential Transfer to Wheat

By G. Pradhan, P. V. Vara Prasad, A. Fritz, M. Kirkham, Bikram S. Gill. 2012

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High temperature (HT) stress is highly detrimental to crop productivity but there is limited variability for this trait among wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars. The objectives of this research were to screen wild wheats (Aegilops species) for tolerance to HT stress at the reproductive stage and to measure physiological and yield traits associated with the tolerance. Fiftytwo accessions belonging to fi ve Aegilops species were evaluated at optimum temperature (OT) (25/19°C day/night) and HT (36/30°C) with a photoperiod of 18 h. Stress was imposed at anthesis and continued for 16 d. Across species, HT decreased chlorophyll, grain number per spike, individual grain weight, and grain yield per plant by 38, 40, 56, and 70%, respectively. Based on a decrease in grain yield, A. speltoides Tausch and A. geniculata Roth were most tolerant and A. longissima Schweinf. & Muschl. was highly susceptible to HT stress. Tolerance was associated with higher grain number per spike and/or heavier grains. Within A. speltoides, accession TA 2348 was highly tolerant to HT with 13.5% decline in grain yield and a heat susceptibility index (HSI) of 0.23 whereas TA 1787 and TA 2097 were highly susceptible with >82% yield decline and HSIs > 1.4. Among A. geniculata, two moderately HT tolerant accessions, TA 2899 and TA 1819, were identifi ed, with an HSI of 0.80. Our results suggest that there is genetic variability among Aegilops species that can be utilized in breeding wheat for HT tolerance at reproductive stage. G.P. Pradhan, P.V.V. Prasad, A.K. Fritz and M.B. Kirkham, Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, 2004 Throckmorton Plant Sciences Center, Manhattan, KS 66506; B.S. Gill, Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, 4024 Throckmorton Plant Sciences Center, Manhattan, KS 66506. Mention of trademark or proprietary product does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by Kansas State University and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable. Contribution no. 11-236-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. Received 1 Apr 2011. *Corresponding author (vara@ksu.edu). Abbreviations: CTD, canopy temperature depression; GS, growth stage; HSI, heat susceptibility index; HT, high temperature; OT, optimum temperature; PAR, photosynthetically active radiation; SPAD, soil plant analysis development. Published in Crop Sci. 52:292–304 (2012). doi: 10.2135/cropsci2011.04.0186 Published online 31 Oct. 2011. © Crop Science Society of America | 5585 Guilford Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA All rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Permission for printing and for reprinting the material contained herein has been obtained by the publisher. Published January, 2012

Subfields: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Plant Science

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