Understanding transgenerational epigenetic inheritance via the gametes in mammals

By L. Daxinger, E. Whitelaw. Nature reviews genetics, 2012

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Biogenesis and function of tRNA fragments during sperm maturation and fertilization in mammals (2015, background): “The mechanisms by which paternal conditions reprogram offspring phenotype remain elusive, as males can influence offspring via the sperm epigenome, microbiome transfer, seminal fluid signaling, or maternal judgement of mate quality(3,4).”
The Dynamics of Genome-wide DNA Methylation Reprogramming in Mouse Primordial Germ Cells (2012, background): “These CGIs may be candidates for short-term transgenerational inheritance in mammals, which seems variable in its persistence and hence heritability (Jimenez-Chillaron et al., 2009; Carone et al., 2010; Ng et al., 2010; Daxinger and Whitelaw, 2012).”
piRNAs Can Trigger a Multigenerational Epigenetic Memory in the Germline of C. elegans (2012, background): “However, a number of epigenetic phenomena involving RNA, histonemodification, or DNAmethylation in many organisms have renewed interest in this area (Varmuza, 2003; Haig, 2006; Daxinger and Whitelaw, 2012).”
Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance: myths and mechanisms (2014, neutral): “The distribution of phenotypes among offspring is related to the phenotype of the dam; when an A dam has the agouti phenotype, her offspring are more likely to be agouti (paternal transmission has no effect on phenotype) (Daxinger and Whitelaw, 2012).”