Resurrection and emendation of the Hypoxylaceae, recognised from a multigene phylogeny of the Xylariales

By Lucile Wendt, E. B. Sir, E. Kuhnert, Simone Heitkämper, C. Lambert, A. Hladki, A. I. Romero, Janet Jennifer Luangsa-ard, P. Srikitikulchai, Derek Peršoh and 1 more. Mycological progress, 2017

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A multigene phylogeny was constructed, including a significant number of representative species of the main lineages in the Xylariaceae and four DNA loci the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), the large subunit (LSU) of the nuclear rDNA, the second largest subunit of the RNA polymerase II (RPB2), and beta-tubulin (TUB2). Specimens were selected based on more than a decade of intensive morphological and chemotaxonomic work, and cautious taxon sampling was performed to cover the major lineages of the Xylariaceae; however, with emphasis on hypoxyloid species. The comprehensive phylogenetic analysis revealed a clear-cut segregation of the Xylariaceae into several major clades, which was well in accordance with previously established morphological and chemotaxonomic concepts. One of these clades contained Annulohypoxylon, Hypoxylon, Daldinia, and other related genera that have stromatal pigments and a nodulisporium-like anamorph. They are accommodated in the family Hypoxylaceae, which is resurrected and emended. Representatives of genera with a nodulisporium-like anamorph and bipartite stromata, lacking stromatal pigments (i.e. Biscogniauxia, Camillea, and Obolarina) appeared in a clade basal to the xylarioid taxa. As they clustered with Graphostroma platystomum, they are accommodated in the Graphostromataceae. The new genus Jackrogersella with J. multiformis as type species is segregated from Annulohypoxylon. The genus Pyrenopolyporus is resurrected for Hypoxylon polyporus and allied species. The genus Daldinia and its allies Entonaema, Rhopalostroma, Ruwenzoria, and Thamnomyces appeared in two separate subclades, which may warrant further splitting of Daldinia in the future, and even Hypoxylon was divided in several clades. However, more species of these genera need to be studied before a conclusive taxonomic rearrangement can be envisaged. Epitypes were designated for several important species in which living cultures and molecular data are available, in order to stabilise the taxonomy of the Xylariales.

Subfields: Cell Biology, Molecular Biology, Plant Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/4510fbaffb948a1073d8795de6f196b7fcdfc514

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Citations in the corpus

Notes for genera: Ascomycota (2017, unknown): “1844 (= Amphisphaerella Henn. 1902; = Byssitheca Bonord. 1864; = Dematophora R. Hartig 1883; = Vrikshopama D. Rao & P. Rag. Rao fide Réblová et al. 2016c; Wendt et al. 2017), Xylariaceae, Xylariales, Sordariomycetes, two species, type: R.”
Fungal diversity notes 603–708: taxonomic and phylogenetic notes on genera and species (2017, background): “Recently the family has been revised and 41 genera are included in Xylariaceae family (Daranagama et al. 2017; Wendt et al. 2017).”
Fungal diversity notes 709–839: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal taxa with an emphasis on fungi on Rosaceae (2018, background): “However, Jaklitsch et al. (2016a), Maharachchikumbura et al. (2016) and Wendt et al. (2017) treated it as a single order, the Xylariales represent the subclass Xylariomycetidae.”
Outline of Ascomycota: 2017 (2018, unknown): “Graphostromataceae M.E. Barr et al. Hongsanan et al. (2017a) and Wendt et al. (2018) accepted Graphostromataceae as a distinct family in Xylariales.”
Refined families of Sordariomycetes (2020, background): “Hsieh, Mycologia 97(4): 855 (2005) Index Fungorum number: IF500298; 62 morphological species (Wendt et al. 2018), 35 species with sequence data.”
Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa (2020, background): “and higher rank taxa is modified after Wijayawardene et al. (2018a, b) using molecular phylogenetic data when available. Polyphyletic higher rank taxa are suppressed. The major clades of Microsporidia tree of life established by Vossbrinck and co-authors (2014) are redefined as the order-rank taxa u”