The pre-launch Planck Sky Model: a model of sky emission at submillimetre to centimetre wavelengths

By Jacques Delabrouille, Marc Betoule, J. Melin, M. Miville-Deschênes, J. González-Nuevo, Maude Le Jeune, G. Castex, G. Zotti, S. Basak, M. Ashdown and 32 more. 2012

202 citations recorded by the source corpus.

We present the Planck Sky Model (PSM), a parametric model for generating all-sky, few arcminute resolution maps of sky emission at submillimetre to centimetre wavelengths, in both intensity and polarisation. Several options are implemented to model the cosmic microwave background, Galactic diffuse emission (synchrotron, free-free, thermal and spinning dust, CO lines), Galactic HII regions, extragalactic radio sources, dusty galaxies, and thermal and kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich signals from clusters of galaxies. Each component is simulated by means of educated interpolations/extrapolations of data sets available at the time of the launch of the Planck mission, complemented by state-of-the-art models of the emission. Distinctive features of the simulations are spatially varying spectral properties of synchrotron and dust; different spectral parameters for each point source; modelling of the clustering properties of extragalactic sources and of the power spectrum of fluctuations in the cosmic infrared background. The PSM enables the production of random realisations of the sky emission, constrained to match observational data within their uncertainties. It is implemented in a software package that is regularly updated with incoming information from observations. The model is expected to serve as a useful tool for optimising planned microwave and sub-millimetre surveys and testing data processing and analysis pipelines. It is, in particular, used to develop and validate data analysis pipelines within the Planck collaboration. A version of the software that can be used for simulating the observations for a variety of experiments is made available on a dedicated website.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/446c3202b96a484d2d84b343c24827dc082c5fff

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Citations in the corpus

A MEASUREMENT OF THE COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND B-MODE POLARIZATION POWER SPECTRUM AT SUB-DEGREE SCALES WITH POLARBEAR (2014, methodology): “The dust signal is estimated using the SFD dust model 8 (Schlegel et al. 1998) with a conservative constant polarization fraction of 10% (Delabrouille et al. 2013).”
PRISM (Polarized Radiation Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission): an extended white paper (2013, methodology): “loped within the Planck collaboration, a model for the cosmic infrared background generated by a population of high redshift proto-spheroidal galaxies [27,218], as implemented in the Planck Sky Model [61], thermal SZ emission from a population of clusters and large groups matchingPlanck number count”
Planck2018 results (2018, methodology): “The Planck Sky Model (PSM; Delabrouille et al. 2013; Planck Collaboration et al. 2016) software is extended to consistently generate maps of the CMB lensing potential, CIB, and SZ components, including their correlations.”
An improved source-subtracted and destriped 408 MHz all-sky map (2014, methodology): “To achieve this, we follow the approach used in Delabrouille et al. (2013).”
The Quest for B Modes from Inflationary Gravitational Waves (2015, methodology): “Other templates have relied heavily on models for the Galactic magnetic field, and over the years several such models have been developed [e.g., (O’Dea et al. 2012; Delabrouille et al. 2013)].”
Detection of B-mode polarization at degree angular scales by BICEP2. (2014, methodology): “The polarization angles are taken from the PSM. DDM2: “Data Driven Model 2” (DDM2) constructed using all publicly available information from Planck.”
Planck intermediate results. XIX. An overview of the polarized thermal emission from Galactic dust (2014, result): “A104, page 9 of 33 large-scale distribution of these regions is consistent with predictions from the Galactic magnetic field model used in the Planck Sky Model (PSM) (Delabrouille et al. 2013).”
Planck 2013 results. XI. All-sky model of thermal dust emission (2013, background): “A description of the PSM and how to download it can be found in Delabrouille et al. (2013).”
Planck2013 results. XXVIII. ThePlanckCatalogue of Compact Sources (2013, methodology): “…simulation reliability consist of realizations of CMB, instrumental noise, and the diffuse Galactic emission component of the FFP6 simulations (a set of realistic simulations based on the Planck Sky Model; Planck Collaboration XII 2013; Planck Collaboration ES 2013; Delabrouille et al. 2013).”
PICO: Probe of Inflation and Cosmic Origins (2019, methodology): “All the foreground maps were generated at native resolution of 7′ pixels [232], with widely-used and thoroughly-tested map-generation codes [131, 233].”