Aggregation structure and thermal conductivity of nanofluids

By Yimin Xuan, Qiang Li, Weifeng Hu. 2003

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Heat transfer enhancement by using nanofluids in forced convection flows (2005, background): “Wang et al. (2003) and Xuan et al. (2003) have studied the effect due to the particle clustering on the effective thermal conductivity by using fractal models.”
Rheological behaviour of ethylene glycol-titanate nanotube nanofluids (2009, methodology): “According to the modified Krieger-Dougherty equation (Goodwin and Hughes 2000; Wang et al. 2003; Xuan et al. 2003; Nan et al. 1997), the relative viscosity of nanofluids, gr, is given as: gr 1⁄4 1 ua=um ð Þ 1⁄2g um ð4Þ”
A review on nanofluids - part I: theoretical and numerical investigations (2008, methodology): “By considering the external and internal forces on the nanoparticles and the mechanical and thermal interactions among the nanoparticle and fluid molecules, Xuan and Yao , (2005) simulated nanoparticle distributions and flow of nanofluids using the lattice Boltzmann model.”