4-OGC: Catalog of Gravitational Waves from Compact Binary Mergers

By Alexander H. Nitz, Sumit Kumar, Y. Wang 王, S. Kastha, S. Wu 吴, Marlin B. Schäfer, R. Dhurkunde, C. Capano. Astrophysical Journal, 2021

300 citations recorded by the source corpus.

We present the fourth Open Gravitational-wave Catalog (4-OGC) of binary neutron star (BNS), binary black hole (BBH), and neutron star–black hole (NSBH) mergers. The catalog includes observations from 2015 to 2020 covering the first through third observing runs (O1, O2, O3a, and O3b) of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo. The updated catalog includes seven BBH mergers that were not previously reported with high significance during O3b for a total of 94 observations: 90 BBHs, 2 NSBHs, and 2 BNSs. The most confident new detection, GW200318_191337, has component masses 49.1−12.0+16.4M⊙ and 31.6−11.6+12.0M⊙; its redshift of 0.84−0.35+0.4 (90% credible interval) may make it the most distant merger so far. We estimate the merger rate of BBH sources, assuming a power-law mass distribution containing an additive Gaussian peak, to be 16.5−6.2+10.4(25.0−8.0+12.6) Gpc−3 yr−1 at a redshift of z = 0 (0.2). For BNS and NSBH sources, we estimate a merger rate of 200−148+309 Gpc−3 yr−1 and 19−14+30 Gpc−3 yr−1, respectively, assuming the known sources are representative of the total population. We provide reference parameter estimates for each of these sources using an up-to-date model accounting for instrumental calibration uncertainty. The corresponding data release also includes our full set of subthreshold candidates.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/42e6f3ee5dcdc7e88cd6bbad654f8f35e7038c74

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Citations in the corpus

GW231123: A Binary Black Hole Merger with Total Mass 190–265 M⊙ (2025, unknown): “…consisting of BHs and/or neutron stars (Abbott et al. 2016c, 2021a, 2024a, 2023a; Venu-madhav et al. 2020; Olsen et al. 2022; Mehta et al. 2025; Nitz et al. 2023; Wadekar et al. 2023), and we consider a BBH the most astrophysically plausible interpretation of GW231123, finding that a…”
Open Data from the Third Observing Run of LIGO, Virgo, KAGRA, and GEO (2023, background): “They cover a wide range of topics, including searches for GW signals ( Nitz & Wang 2022; Olsen et al. 2022; Nitz et al. 2023; Steltner et al. 2023; Whelan et al. 2023 ) , studies of compact binary populations ( see, e.g., Roulet et al. 2021; Callister & Farr 2023; Périgois et al. 2023 ) , tests of…”
Rates of compact object coalescences (2021, background): “Thirdly, details of search methodology and tuning can impact the set of detections, and independent searches over the publicly released LIGO-Virgo data have yielded slightly different source populations (e.g., Zackay et al., 2019; Venumadhav et al., 2020; Nitz et al., 2021).”
Observation of Gravitational Waves from the Coalescence of a 2.5–4.5 M ⊙ Compact Object and a Neutron Star (2024, background): “…binary coalescence (CBC) candidates reported by the LIGO Scientific, Virgo, and KAGRA Collaboration (LVK) at the conclusion of the third observing run (O3) (Abbott et al. 2023a) and further candidates found by external analyses (e.g., Nitz et al. 2023; Mehta et al. 2023b; Wadekar et al. 2023).”