The phase diagram of nuclear and quark matter at high baryon density

By Kenji Fukushima, C. Sasaki. 2013

203 citations recorded by the source corpus.

We review theoretical approaches to explore the phase diagram of nuclear and quark matter at high baryon density. We rst look over the basic properties of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and address how to describe various states of QCD matter. In our discussions on nuclear matter we cover the relativistic mean-eld model, the chiral perturbation theory, and the approximation based on the large-Nc limit where Nc is the number of colors. We then explain the liquid-gas phase transition and the inhomogeneous meson condensation in nuclear matter with emphasis put on the relevance to quark matter. We commence the next part focused on quark matter with the bootstrap model and the Hagedorn temperature. Then we turn to properties associated with chiral symmetry and exposit theoretical descriptions of the chiral phase transition. There emerge some quark-matter counterparts of phenomena seen in nuclear matter such as the liquid-gas phase transition and the inhomogeneous structure of the chiral condensate. The third regime that is being recognized recently is what is called quarkyonic matter, which has both aspects of nuclear and quark matter. We closely elucidate the basic idea of quarkyonic matter in the large-Nc limit and its physics implications. Finally, we discuss some experimental indications for the QCD phase diagram and close the review with outlooks.

Subfields: Nuclear and High Energy Physics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/3f9c99286fa80253d143801b7915710451994f94

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In Nuclear and High Energy Physics

1. C. Fischer
2. T. Hatsuda
3. N. Xu
4. V. Koch
5. J. Liao
6. Kenji Fukushima
7. A. Bzdak
8. S. Esumi

Citations in the corpus

• A new quark-hadron hybrid equation of state for astrophysics - I. High-mass twin compact stars (2014, background): “In general, a phase transition in isospin asymmetric stellar matter is directly related to the corresponding phase transition in symmetric matter, and therefore relevant to the understanding of the QCD phase diagram (cf. Fukushima & Sasaki 2013; Fukushima 2014).”
• From hadrons to quarks in neutron stars: a review (2017, background): “As matter goes from having hadronic to quark degrees of freedom, it may pass through spatially inhomogeneous phases [281, 282].”
• Polyakov loop modeling for hot QCD (2017, background): “[7], and for a related attempt of the first successful treatment of both the Polyakov loop and the glueball states.”
• QCD at finite temperature and chemical potential from Dyson–Schwinger equations (2018, background): “[13, 42] for overviews) this is associated with a first-order phase transition which can be identified with the liquid-gas transition of infinite nuclear matter.”
• Mapping the phases of quantum chromodynamics with beam energy scan (2019, background): “[1, 2, 33–36] for recent reviews, predict a first”