Towards a general theory of adaptive walks on rugged landscapes.

By Stuart A. Kauffman, Simon A. Levin. 1987

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Coevolutionary Landscape Inference and the Context-Dependence of Mutations in Beta-Lactamase TEM-1 (2015, background): “…importance in evolutionary and medical biology: It has a key role in our understanding of mutational pathways accessible in the course of evolution [2–4], it can lead to the identification of genetic determinants of complex diseases based on rare variants [5], and it can guide towards the…”
From Boolean to probabilistic Boolean networks as models of genetic regulatory networks (2002, background): “Levin [94], [20] and corresponds to the bit-flipping mutation”
Patterned Interactions in Complex Systems: Implications for Exploration (2007, methodology): “Among the CAS frameworks that have made the transition to management science, the NK model from theoretical biology (Kauffman and Levin 1987; Kauffman and Weinberger 1989; Kauffman 1993) has become a particularly popular platform for studying organizations as complex adaptive systems (e.g.,…”
A model of substitution trajectories in sequence space and long-term protein evolution. (2015, background): “The ﬁxation of slightly deleterious alleles is MBE compatible with a large U under some circumstances (McCandlish et al. 2013).”
Inferring fitness landscapes by regression produces biased estimates of epistasis (2014, methodology): “We followed a standard (7, 8, 78) procedure for constructing NK fitness landscapes.”
Evolving Optimal Neural Networks Using Genetic Algorithms with Occam's Razor (1993, methodology): “6 Analysis of tness landscapes Fitness landscapes have been analyzed for Boolean N -K networks by Kau man [3], for random traveling salesman (tsp) problems by Kirkpatrick et al.”
Models in evolutionary economics and environmental policy: Towards an evolutionary environmental economics (2009, background): “Building on the concept of fitness landscapes fromKauffman [36,80], and transferred tomanagement science by Levinthal [81], Schwoonet al.”
A review of particle swarm optimization. Part II: hybridisation, combinatorial, multicriteria and constrained optimization, and indicative applications (2008, methodology): “Other financial sector implementations of PSO have been proposed by Nenortaite and Simutis (2004), Kendall and Su (2005) and Nenortaite (2005).”
Landscapes and their correlation functions (1996, methodology): “The distribution of local optima and the statistical characteristics of down-hill walks have been computed for the uncorrelated landscape of the random energy model [60, 31, 3], Furthermore, two one-parameter families of tunably rugged landscapes have been studied extensively: the Nk model and its v”
Economic Opportunity and Evolution: Beyond Landscapes and Bounded Rationality (2013, methodology): “As discussed at the outset, NK modeling was originally developed in evolutionary and computational biology (Kauffman and Levin, 1987; Kauffman and Weinberger, 1989), and this tool is now frequently used in strategy and organization science (e.g., Levinthal, 1997; also see Gavetti et al., 6 The…”