Norovirus classification and proposed strain nomenclature.
By D. Zheng, T. Ando, R. Fankhauser, R. Beard, R. Glass, S. Monroe. Virology, 2006
1,091 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Without a virus culture system, genetic analysis becomes the principal method to classify norovirus (NoV) strains. Currently, classification of NoV strains beneath the species level has been based on sequences from different regions of the viral genome. As a result, the phylogenetic insights of some virus were not appropriately interpreted, and no consensus has been reached to establish a uniform classification scheme. To provide a consistent and reliable scientific basis for classifying NoVs, we analyzed the amino acid sequences for the major capsid protein of 164 NoV strains by first using an alignment based on the predicted 3D structures. A Bayesian tree was generated, and the maximum likelihood pairwise distances of the aligned sequences were used to evaluate the results from the uncorrected pairwise distance method. Analyses of the pairwise distances demonstrated three clearly resolved peaks, suggesting that NoV strains beneath the species level can be classified at three levels: strain (S), cluster (C), and genogroup (G). The uncorrected pairwise distance ranges for S, C, and G were 0-14.1%, 14.3-43.8%, and 44.9-61.4%, respectively. A scheme with 29 genetic clusters [8 in genogroup 1 (G1), 17 in G2, 2 in G3, and 1 each in G4 and G5] was defined on the basis of the tree topology with the standards provided and was supported by the distance analysis. Of these, five clusters in G2 and one in G1 are newly described. This analysis can serve as the basis for a standardized nomenclature to genetically describe NoV strains.
Subfields: Animal Science and Zoology, Genetics, Infectious Diseases
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/3f5158685af116c3239d383cab4e428f0c8c4087
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Citations in the corpus
- Advances in Laboratory Methods for Detection and Typing of Norovirus (2014, neutral): “Each genogroup is based on phylogenetic clustering of the complete VP1 amino acid sequence and is further divided into genotypes (13, 14) (Fig.”
- Updated classification of norovirus genogroups and genotypes. (2019, methodology): “Due to the lack of internationally accepted standards for norovirus classification several research groups used a small nucleotide region of the 5′-end of VP1 (termed region C) to classify genotypes, which although appropriate for typing noroviruses, led to inconsistent classification of some strain”
- An overview of calf diarrhea - infectious etiology, diagnosis, and intervention (2014, background): “Five genogroups (GI through GV) have been identified based on sequence similarities of open reading frames (ORFs) 2 (VP1: major capsid protein) and 3 (VP2: minor capsid protein) due to high genetic diversity among noroviruses (NoVs) [147].”
- Recommendations for the classification of group A rotaviruses using all 11 genomic RNA segments (2008, methodology): “This approach has been used successfully to classify astroviruses [26], sapoviruses [37], noroviruses [42], and papillomaviruses [6].”