Potential Effects of Coronaviruses on the Cardiovascular System: A Review.

By M. Madjid, P. Safavi-Naeini, S. Solomon, O. Vardeny. JAMA cardiology, 2020

1,741 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Importance Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has reached a pandemic level. Coronaviruses are known to affect the cardiovascular system. We review the basics of coronaviruses, with a focus on COVID-19, along with their effects on the cardiovascular system. Observations Coronavirus disease 2019 can cause a viral pneumonia with additional extrapulmonary manifestations and complications. A large proportion of patients have underlying cardiovascular disease and/or cardiac risk factors. Factors associated with mortality include male sex, advanced age, and presence of comorbidities including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and cerebrovascular diseases. Acute cardiac injury determined by elevated high-sensitivity troponin levels is commonly observed in severe cases and is strongly associated with mortality. Acute respiratory distress syndrome is also strongly associated with mortality. Conclusions and Relevance Coronavirus disease 2019 is associated with a high inflammatory burden that can induce vascular inflammation, myocarditis, and cardiac arrhythmias. Extensive efforts are underway to find specific vaccines and antivirals against SARS-CoV-2. Meanwhile, cardiovascular risk factors and conditions should be judiciously controlled per evidence-based guidelines.

Subfields: Infectious Diseases, Molecular Biology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/3f1a9961f9351541ddded8502ec8ccb68b77fa5c

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In Infectious Diseases

1. Yi Zhang

In Molecular Biology

1. S. Rosenkranz
2. Shenmin Zhang

Citations in the corpus

• SARS-CoV-2 binds platelet ACE2 to enhance thrombosis in COVID-19 (2020, background): “COVID19 has been linked to a number of critical cardiovascular complications [2, 3], and even individuals without a history of cardiovascular disease are at risk of cardiovascular complications [4].”
• Artificial Intelligence and COVID-19: Deep Learning Approaches for Diagnosis and Treatment (2020, methodology): “The suggested model depends on the data that [29] presents to predict the ways that cardiovascular”
• COVID-19 and Thrombotic or Thromboembolic Disease: Implications for Prevention, Antithrombotic Therapy, and Follow-Up (2020, background): “COVID-19 has a number of important cardiovascular implications (4) (5) (6) . Patients with prior cardiovascular disease are at higher risk for adverse events from COVID- 19 .”
• Acute heart failure in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in the context of global SARS-CoV-2 pandemi (2021, neutral): “9 injury has been reported in up to 10-20% of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 manifesting either as fulminant myocarditis, an ejection fraction decline or myocardial enzyme elevation (8,9).”