MicroRNA in Control of Gene Expression: An Overview of Nuclear Functions

By Caterina Catalanotto, C. Cogoni, G. Zardo. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2016

1,063 citations recorded by the source corpus.

The finding that small non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are able to control gene expression in a sequence specific manner has had a massive impact on biology. Recent improvements in high throughput sequencing and computational prediction methods have allowed the discovery and classification of several types of ncRNAs. Based on their precursor structures, biogenesis pathways and modes of action, ncRNAs are classified as small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), endogenous small interfering RNAs (endo-siRNAs or esiRNAs), promoter associate RNAs (pRNAs), small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) and sno-derived RNAs. Among these, miRNAs appear as important cytoplasmic regulators of gene expression. miRNAs act as post-transcriptional regulators of their messenger RNA (mRNA) targets via mRNA degradation and/or translational repression. However, it is becoming evident that miRNAs also have specific nuclear functions. Among these, the most studied and debated activity is the miRNA-guided transcriptional control of gene expression. Although available data detail quite precisely the effectors of this activity, the mechanisms by which miRNAs identify their gene targets to control transcription are still a matter of debate. Here, we focus on nuclear functions of miRNAs and on alternative mechanisms of target recognition, at the promoter lavel, by miRNAs in carrying out transcriptional gene silencing.

Subfields: Cancer Research, Molecular Biology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/3eb771e8f01a63c5091c0c4fe421a2d6ca9fca02

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1. Dobrochna Dolicka
2. M. Correia de Sousa
3. Dandan Liu
4. Lianhong Li
5. M. Gjorgjieva
6. Michelangelo Foti
7. Yanyan Han
8. Cyril Sobolewski

Citations in the corpus

• PD-1/PD-L1 pathway: current researches in cancer. (2020, background): “However, only few studies have acknowledged the role of miRNAs in activating gene expression [51].”
• Deciphering miRNAs’ Action through miRNA Editing (2019, background): “However, shuttling of ADAR1p150 and specific mature miRNAs, through mechanisms involving members of the GW-182 protein family, between the nucleus and the cytoplasm indicates that A-to-I editing is not as compartmentalized as suggested [30,44].”