The Planetary and Lunar Ephemeris DE 421

By William M. Folkner, James G. Williams, D. Boggs. 2009

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Citations in the corpus

Mars high resolution gravity fields from MRO, Mars seasonal gravity, and other dynamical parameters (2011, methodology): “The orbital elements of the Moon and other planets were fixed at values estimated previously for the planetary ephemeris DE421 (Folkner et al., 2009).”
Report of the IAU Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements: 2009 (2011, methodology): “Recent Cassini observations (Giampieri et al. 2006) of a signal in Saturn’s magnetic field gives a period of about 10 h and 47 min, about 8 min longer than the previously determined period. At this time, it is still uncertain whether this is the true rotation rate or what physical mechanism is causi”
“RadioAstron”-A telescope with a size of 300 000 km: Main parameters and first observational results (2013, methodology): “—the gravitational attraction of the Moon and Sun, whose coordinates are calculated based on the DE421 motion theory [37];”
The IAU 2009 system of astronomical constants: the report of the IAU working group on numerical standards for Fundamental Astronomy (2011, methodology): “LC The value for LC is taken from Irwin and Fukushima (1999) and is the most recent published determination.”
Density of asteroids (2012, background): “…Sun and the planets, the gravitational inﬂuence of several asteroids must be taken into account to properly describe the observed position of planets, satellites, and spacecrafts (see, Baer and Chesley, 2008; Baer et al., 2011; Fienga et al., 2008, 2009, 2010; Folkner et al., 2009, for details).”
Torsion-balance tests of the weak equivalence principle (2012, methodology): “Solar system objects, including the sun, were included through the use of the DE421 ephemeris from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory [53].”
Phenomenology of the Lense-Thirring effect in the solar system (2010, background): “In Table 18 we do that for the EPM2006/EPM2008 (Pitjeva 2008, 2010), and the DE414/DE421 (Standish 2006; Folkner et al. 2008) ephemerides; although, larger than δ 〈r〉, the maximum differences between such ephemerides are smaller than the solar gravitomagnetic length l⊙g .”
Measuring moonlight: An overview of the spatial properties, lunar coverage, selenolocation, and related Level 1B products of the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (2011, methodology): “The location and orientation of the Moon were developed from the DE421 ephemeris (de421.bsp) and the associated planetary rotation frames (moon_pa_de421_1900–2050.bpc) [Folkner et al., 2008].”