Increased dendritic spine densities on cortical projection neurons in autism spectrum disorders.

By J. Hutsler, Hong Zhang. Brain Research, 2010

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Precise minds in uncertain worlds: predictive coding in autism. (2014, background): “Indeed, several of the genetic mutations linked to ASD have an important role in the regulation of plasticity (e.g., Delorme et al., 2013; Ebert & Greenberg, 2013; Hutsler & Zhang, 2010).”
Loss of mTOR-dependent macroautophagy causes autistic-like synaptic pruning deficits (2014, neutral): “Consistently, increased spine density is observed in frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes in ASD brains (Hutsler and Zhang, 2010) and changes in synaptic structure are detected in multiple Ne ASD model mice (Zoghbi and Bear, 2012).”
FOXG1-dependent dysregulation of GABA/glutamate neuron differentiation in autism spectrum disorders (2015, positive): “, 2002) and synapses (Hutsler and Zhang, 2010; Tang et al., 2014) in unselected cases of ASD, suggesting increased production of cortical neurons.”
Rare de novo variants associated with autism implicate a large functional network of genes involved in formation and function of synapses (2011, result): “This result is consistent with recent findings that autistic individuals have increased spine density in portions of their cerebral cortex (Hutsler and Zhang, 2010; Woolfrey et al., 2009) and possibly a local brain overconnectivity (Scott-Van Zeeland et al., 2010).”