Solvents' Critical Role in Nonaqueous Lithium-Oxygen Battery Electrochemistry.

By B. McCloskey, D. Bethune, R. Shelby, G. Girishkumar, A. Luntz. Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, 2011

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Progress of Rechargeable Lithium Metal Batteries Based on Conversion Reactions (2017, background): “A major achievement is the application of ether-based electrolytes rather than the conventional carbonate-basedelectrolytes,which canbedecomposed in the presence of reduced oxygen discharge products [136].”
Solvating additives drive solution-mediated electrochemistry and enhance toroid growth in non-aqueous Li-O₂ batteries. (2015, background): “ The schematic in Fig. 5 summarizes the two electrochemical paths for Li2O2 crystal growth. The surface electrochemical growth is given as before30. O 2 * + Li+ + e− → LiO 2 * →Li++e− Li 2 O2 (s) (1) where * refers to a surface adsorbed species and (s) for solid. Both Li+ + e- charge transfer or di”