THE COSMIC RATE, LUMINOSITY FUNCTION, AND INTRINSIC CORRELATIONS OF LONG GAMMA-RAY BURSTS

By N. Butler, Joshua S. Bloom, Dovi Poznanski. 2009

144 citations recorded by the source corpus.

We calculate durations and spectral parameters for 207 Swift bursts detected by the Burst Alert Telescope from 2007 April to 2009 August, including 67 events with measured redshifts. This is the first supplement to our catalog of 425 Swift gamma-ray bursts (GRBs; 147 with redshifts) starting from GRB 041220. This complete and extensive data set, analyzed with a unified methodology, allows us to conduct an accurate census of intrinsic GRB energetics, hardnesses, durations, and redshifts. The GRB world model we derive reproduces well the observables from both Swift and pre-Swift satellites. Comparing to the cosmic star formation rate, we estimate that only about 0.1% of massive stars explode as bright GRBs. There is strong evidence for evolution in the Swift population at intermediate and high-z, and we can rule out (at the 5σ level) that this is due to evolution in the luminosity function of GRBs. Instead, the Swift sample suggests a modest propensity for low metallicity, evidenced by an increase in the rate density with redshift. Treating the multivariate data and selection effects rigorously, we find a real, intrinsic correlation between Eiso and Epk (and possibly also Tr45,z); however, the correlation is not a narrow log–log relation and its observed appearance is strongly detector-dependent. We also estimate the high-z rate (3%–9% of GRBs at z beyond 5) and discuss the extent of a large missing population of low-Epk,obs X-ray flashes as well as a potentially large missing population of short-duration GRBs that will be probed by EXIST.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/3cfdb0edfa12248c6c6ce376b37772ae4434e087

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In Astronomy and Astrophysics

1. Bing Zhang
2. E. Berger
3. B. Metzger
4. D. Frail
5. Joshua S. Bloom
6. Shrinivas R. Kulkarni
7. A. Filippenko
8. D. Fox

Citations in the corpus

• THE THIRD SWIFT BURST ALERT TELESCOPE GAMMA-RAY BURST CATALOG (2015, background): “…12 http://grb.pa.msu.edu/grbcatalog 13 http://www.swift.ac.uk/burst_analyser/ 14 http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/swift/archive/grbsummary/ 15 http://butler.lab.asu.edu/swift/ Nathaniel Butler that includes the XRT and BAT light curves, spectra, and GRB redshifts (Butler et al. 2007, 2010).”
• AFTERGLOW OBSERVATIONS OF FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE GAMMA-RAY BURSTS AND THE EMERGING CLASS OF HYPER-ENERGETIC EVENTS (2010, background): “…many times more common (per unit volume) than the typical cosmological GRBs (Soderberg et al. 2006; Cobb et al. 2006; Guetta & Valle 2007), although Butler et al. (2010) have suggested that both samples may be described by a single luminosity function — that is, subluminous GRBs may simply extend…”