Global trends in typhoid and paratyphoid fever

By J. Crump, E. Mintz. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2010

982 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Typhoid and paratyphoid fever continue to be important causes of illness and death, particularly among children and adolescents in south-central and southeast Asia where enteric fever is associated with poor sanitation and unsafe food and water. High quality incidence data from Asia are underpinning efforts to expand access to typhoid vaccines. Efforts are underway to develop vaccines that are immunogenic in infants following a single dose and that can be produced locally in endemic countries. The growing importance of S. Paratyphi A in Asia is concerning. Antimicrobial resistance has sequentially emerged to traditional first-line drugs, fluoroquinolones, and now to third generation cephalosporins, posing patient management challenges. Azithromycin has proven to be effective alternatives for uncomplicated typhoid fever. The availability of full genome sequences for S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A confirms their place as monomorphic, human-adapted pathogens vulnerable to control measures if international efforts can be redoubled.

Subfields: Endocrinology, Food Science, Infectious Diseases

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/3b1766ef62bee4f7ad995fb4987b5f4bee76988a