Dietary fat-induced taurocholic acid production promotes pathobiont and colitis in IL-10−/− mice

By Suzanne Devkota, Yunwei Wang, M. Musch, V. Leone, H. Fehlner-Peach, A. Nadimpalli, Dionysios A. Antonopoulos, B. Jabri, Eugene Chang. Nature, 2012

1,517 citations recorded by the source corpus.

The composite human microbiome of Western populations has probably changed over the past century, brought on by new environmental triggers that often have a negative impact on human health. Here we show that consumption of a diet high in saturated (milk-derived) fat, but not polyunsaturated (safflower oil) fat, changes the conditions for microbial assemblage and promotes the expansion of a low-abundance, sulphite-reducing pathobiont, Bilophila wadsworthia. This was associated with a pro-inflammatory T helper type 1 (TH1) immune response and increased incidence of colitis in genetically susceptible Il10−/−, but not wild-type mice. These effects are mediated by milk-derived-fat-promoted taurine conjugation of hepatic bile acids, which increases the availability of organic sulphur used by sulphite-reducing microorganisms like B. wadsworthia. When mice were fed a low-fat diet supplemented with taurocholic acid, but not with glycocholic acid, for example, a bloom of B. wadsworthia and development of colitis were observed in Il10−/− mice. Together these data show that dietary fats, by promoting changes in host bile acid composition, can markedly alter conditions for gut microbial assemblage, resulting in dysbiosis that can perturb immune homeostasis. The data provide a plausible mechanistic basis by which Western-type diets high in certain saturated fats might increase the prevalence of complex immune-mediated diseases like inflammatory bowel disease in genetically susceptible hosts.

Subfields: Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Surgery

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/3b12b2f5b320aa8a93f50e81cdc2f0db57cdb458

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Citations in the corpus

Impact of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on the Gut Microbiota (2017, positive): “Devkota et al. (2012) [41] C57BL/6 germ free mice Milk, lard fat, or PUFAs (38% fat) for 3 weeks Milk fat promotes expansion of sulfite-reducing bacteria, Bilophila genus of Proteobacteria phylum.”
The Impact of Diet and Lifestyle on Gut Microbiota and Human Health (2014, background): “Dietary saturated fats may increase numbers of pro-inflammatory gut microbes by stimulating the formation of taurine-conjugated bile acids that promotes growth of these pathogens [54].”
Bile Acid Signaling in Metabolic Disease and Drug Therapy (2014, background): “Another recent study showed that dietary saturated fats induced TCA, which promotes expansion of low-abundance sulfur-reducing pathobiont, Bilophila wasdworthia, increases proinflammatory cytokines and incidence of colitis in il-10 mice (Devkota et al., 2012).”