Revisiting the Impact of Inversions in Evolution: From Population Genetic Markers to Drivers of Adaptive Shifts and Speciation?

By A. Hoffmann, Loren H. Rieseberg. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, 2008

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There is a growing appreciation that chromosome inversions affect rates of adaptation, speciation, and the evolution of sex chromosomes. Comparative genomic studies have identified many new paracentric inversion polymorphisms. Population models suggest that inversions can spread by reducing recombination between alleles that independently increase fitness, without epistasis or coadaptation. Areas of linkage disequilibrium extend across large inversions but may be interspersed by areas with little disequilibrium. Genes located within inversions are associated with a variety of traits including those involved in climatic adaptation. Inversion polymorphisms may contribute to speciation by generating underdominance owing to inviable gametes, but an alternative view gaining support is that inversions facilitate speciation by reducing recombination, protecting genomic regions from introgression. Likewise, inversions may facilitate the evolution of sex chromosomes by reducing recombination between sex determining alleles and alleles with sex-specific effects. However, few genes within inversions responsible for fitness effects or speciation have been identified.

Subfields: Genetics

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Citations in the corpus

What is Speciation Genomics? The roles of ecology, gene flow, and genomic architecture in the formation of species (2018, background): “This hypothesis was tested in Drosophila as early as 1933 in Dobzhansky’s (1933) classic work, but runs into difficulties explaining why such an inversion would spread in the first place (reviewed by Hoffmann & Rieseberg, 2008).”
Finding the Genomic Basis of Local Adaptation: Pitfalls, Practical Solutions, and Future Directions (2016, positive): “As a result of background selection, loci in polymorphic inversions may show higher F ST than loci without structural rearrangements because inversions suppress meiotic recombination (Hoffmann and Rieseberg 2008).”
Natural variation in genome architecture among 205 Drosophila melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel lines (2014, background): “…between the inverted sequence and standard karyotype, leading to divergence between inversions and homosequential regions (Navarro et al., 1997; 2000; Andolfatto et al., 2001) and the potential for evolution of co-adapted gene complexes (Kirkpatrick and Barton, 2006; Hoffmann and Rieseberg, 2008).”
A Widespread Chromosomal Inversion Polymorphism Contributes to a Major Life-History Transition, Local Adaptation, and Reproductive Isolation (2010, background): “Contribution of the Inversion Polymorphism to Reproductive Isolation While inversions have long been thought to play a role in adaptation and formation of ecological reproductive isolation [4,25,55,56], the relative contribution of inversions to these processes remains largely unknown [16].”
Genomic approaches to understanding population divergence and speciation in birds (2015, background): “Chromosomal rearrangements, namely translocations and inversions, are often found as fixed differences between closely related species or segregating within species in most taxonomic groups (Coyne and Orr 2004, Hoffmann and Rieseberg 2008, Faria and Navarro 2010).”
Stickleback research: the now and the next (2013, background): “As previously outlined, stickleback populations in different ecological environments often show dramatic adaptive differences, and these differences sometimes contribute to reproductive isolation.”
A framework for incorporating evolutionary genomics into biodiversity conservation and management (2015, background): “Chromosomal rearrangements and other forms of structural variation are also involved in adaptation (reviewed in [78]).”