Norovirus illness is a global problem: emergence and spread of norovirus GII.4 variants, 2001-2007.
By J. Siebenga, H. Vennema, D. Zheng, J. Vinjé, Bonita E. Lee, X. Pang, E. C. Ho, W. Lim, A. Choudekar, S. Broor and 15 more. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2009
702 citations recorded by the source corpus.
BACKGROUND Noroviruses (NoVs) are the most common cause of viral gastroenteritis. Their high incidence and importance in health care facilities result in a great impact on public health. Studies from around the world describing increasing prevalence have been difficult to compare because of differing nomenclatures for variants of the dominant genotype, GII.4. We studied the global patterns of GII.4 epidemiology in relation to its genetic diversity. METHODS Data from NoV outbreaks with dates of onset from January 2001 through March 2007 were collected from 15 institutions on 5 continents. Partial genome sequences (n=775) were collected, allowing phylogenetic comparison of data from different countries. RESULTS The 15 institutions reported 3098 GII.4 outbreaks, 62% of all reported NoV outbreaks. Eight GII.4 variants were identified. Four had a global distribution--the 1996, 2002, 2004, and 2006b variants. The 2003Asia and 2006a variants caused epidemics, but they were geographically limited. Finally, the 2001 Japan and 2001 Henry variants were found across the world but at low frequencies. CONCLUSIONS NoV epidemics resulted from the global spread of GII.4 strains that evolved under the influence of population immunity. Lineages show notable (and currently unexplained) differences in geographic prevalence. Establishing a global NoV network by which data on strains with the potential to cause pandemics can be rapidly exchanged may lead to improved prevention and intervention strategies.
Subfields: Epidemiology, Genetics, Infectious Diseases
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/39070dd5da9cd3e33b5445aebca2e08967a82b00
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Citations in the corpus
- Advances in Laboratory Methods for Detection and Typing of Norovirus (2014, background): “4 strains but not other endemic strains (17).”
- Food-borne diseases — The challenges of 20 years ago still persist while new ones continue to emerge (2010, background): “Interestingly new variants of GII4 emerged in 2002, 2004 and 2006; each time displacing the resident virus population within months across Europe indicating viral evolution (Siebenga et al., 2007, 2009).”