Virulence evolution and the trade‐off hypothesis: history, current state of affairs and the future

By Samuel Alizon, A. Hurford, N. Mideo, M. van Baalen. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 2009

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Distribution and Host Range of Ranaviruses (2015, background): “Additionally, conditions that favor transmission can lead to increased virulence, according to the virulence tradeoff hypothesis (Alizon et al. 2009 ).”
An evolutionary ecology perspective to address forest pathology challenges of today and tomorrow (2016, neutral): “…in virulence is expected as populations move toward equilibrium so long as there are trade-offs between pathogen transmission and virulence—that is, pathogens that cause their hosts to die more quickly have fewer opportunities to spread (May and Anderson 1983; Frank 1993; Alizon et al. 2009).”
Ranavirus Ecology and Evolution: From Epidemiology to Extinction (2015, background): “One widespread and important hypothesis for variation in virulence posits a trade-off between transmission and virulence, the latter of which is generally seen as an unavoidable by-product of replicating in and being transmitted from the host (Lenski and May 1994 ; Alizon et al. 2009 ).”