Cosmic ray energy spectrum from measurements of air showers
By Thomas K. Gaisser, T. Stanev, S. Tilav. 2013
327 citations recorded by the source corpus.
This review focuses on high-energy cosmic rays in the PeV energy range and above. Of particular interest is the knee of the spectrum around 3 PeV and the transition from cosmic rays of Galactic origin to particles from extra-galactic sources. Our goal is to establish a baseline spectrum from 1014 to 1020 eV by combining the results of many measurements at different energies. In combination with measurements of the nuclear composition of the primaries, the shape of the energy spectrum places constraints on the number and spectra of sources that may contribute to the observed spectrum.
Subfields: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/37e41f5757920938f5618e38498eeb5b2dd24e22
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In Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Citations in the corpus
- The origin of galactic cosmic rays (2013, unknown): “A knee would naturally arise as the superposition of the cutoffs in the spectra of individual elements (see for instance Hörandel 2004; Blasi and Amato 2012a; Gaisser et al. 2013).”
- Updated global 3+1 analysis of short-baseline neutrino oscillations (2017, methodology): “The initial flux we consider is the unoscillated HKKM flux [128–131] with the H3a knee correction [132], that we use for obtaining the initial spectrum of neutrinos from pion and kaon decays.”
- The Muon Puzzle in cosmic-ray induced air showers and its connection to the Large Hadron Collider (2021, background): “At high energies (> 100 GeV), uncertainties of the models for the cosmic-ray spectrum and mass composition (Gaisser 2012; Gaisser et al. 2013; Fedynitch et al. 2012; Dembinski et al. 2018; Evans et al. 2017) introduce errors up to several tens of percent (Barr et al. 2006; Fedynitch et al. 2018a).”
- IceCube high-energy starting event sample: Description and flux characterization with 7.5 years of data (2020, methodology): “This parametrized flux is denoted byΦGaisserH4aðEνi ; θν;zi ; dνi Þ.”