Perioperative fasting in adults and children: guidelines from the European Society of Anaesthesiology.

By I. Smith, P. Kranke, I. Murat, Andrew F Smith, G. O'Sullivan, E. Søreide, C. Spies, B. in't Veld. European Journal of Anaesthesiology, 2011

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Guidelines for enhanced recovery after lung surgery: recommendations of the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS®) Society and the European Society of Thoracic Surgeons (ESTS) (2018, background): “Hence, in patients without conditions associated with delayed gastric emptying, the intake of clear fluids up until 2 h before the induction of anaesthesia, as well as limiting fasting for solid food to 6 h before induction, is now recommended [91].”
Consensus statement for perioperative care in total hip replacement and total knee replacement surgery: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS®) Society recommendations (2019, background): “Therefore, the intake of clear fluids until 2 hours before the induction of anesthesia as well as a 6-hour fast for solid food is recommended (Smith et al. 2011).”