Twenty years of cell-penetrating peptides: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutics
By F. Heitz, May C. Morris, G. Divita. British Journal of Pharmacology, 2009
890 citations recorded by the source corpus.
The recent discovery of new potent therapeutic molecules that do not reach the clinic due to poor delivery and low bioavailability have made of delivery a key stone in therapeutic development. Several technologies have been designed to improve cellular uptake of therapeutic molecules, including cell‐penetrating peptides (CPPs). CPPs were first discovered based on the potency of several proteins to enter cells. Numerous CPPs have been described so far, which can be grouped into two major classes, the first requiring chemical linkage with the drug for cellular internalization and the second involving formation of stable, non‐covalent complexes with drugs. Nowadays, CPPs constitute very promising tools for non‐invasive cellular import of cargo and have been successfully applied for in vitro and in vivo delivery of therapeutic molecules varying from small chemical molecule, nucleic acids, proteins, peptides, liposomes and particles. This review will focus on the structure/function and cellular uptake mechanism of CPPs in the general context of drug delivery. We will also highlight the application of peptide carriers for the delivery of therapeutic molecules and provide an update of their clinical evaluation.
Subfields: Immunology, Molecular Biology
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/2f94d467ffc5aba53260a51d2133fd44bcc42480
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In Molecular Biology
Citations in the corpus
- Cell-penetrating peptides: design, synthesis, and applications. (2014, background): “no restrictionwith respect to the size or type of cargo.(5) In general, CPPs are relatively short peptides that consist of less than 40 amino acids”
- Engineered nanoparticles interacting with cells: size matters (2014, background): “Certain small peptides [83,84] and synthetic nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes [85] were found to be capable of crossing membranes without poration.”