Waveform Design for Wireless Power Transfer

By Bruno Clerckx, Ekaterina Bayguzina. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 2016

334 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Far-field Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) has attracted significant attention in recent years. Despite the rapid progress, the emphasis of the research community in the last decade has remained largely concentrated on improving the design of energy harvester (so-called rectenna) and has left aside the effect of transmitter design. In this paper, we study the design of transmit waveform so as to enhance the dc power at the output of the rectenna. We derive a tractable model of the nonlinearity of the rectenna and compare with a linear model conventionally used in the literature. We then use those models to design novel multisine waveforms that are adaptive to the channel state information (CSI). Interestingly, while the linear model favours narrowband transmission with all the power allocated to a single frequency, the nonlinear model favours a power allocation over multiple frequencies. Through realistic simulations, waveforms designed based on the nonlinear model are shown to provide significant gains (in terms of harvested dc power) over those designed based on the linear model and over nonadaptive waveforms. We also compute analytically the theoretical scaling laws of the harvested energy for various waveforms as a function of the number of sinewaves and transmit antennas. Those scaling laws highlight the benefits of CSI knowledge at the transmitter in WPT and of a WPT design based on a nonlinear rectenna model over a linear model. Results also motivate the study of a promising architecture relying on large-scale multisine multiantenna waveforms for WPT. As a final note, results stress the importance of modeling and accounting for the nonlinearity of the rectenna in any system design involving wireless power.

Subfields: Electrical and Electronic Engineering

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/2ed5942385e8e8e1bd0f04a93c9f565105fa930e

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Electrical and Electronic Engineering

1. Rui Zhang
2. Robert Schober
3. Yong Zeng
4. Jie Xu
5. H. Vincent Poor
6. Bruno Clerckx
7. Qingqing Wu
8. Dong In Kim

Citations in the corpus

• AoI-Minimal Trajectory Planning and Data Collection in UAV-Assisted Wireless Powered IoT Networks (2020, methodology): “However, since the RF-EH circuits include various nonlinearities, such as the diode or diode-connected transistor, the nonlinear EH model presented in [37], [40] is adopted in this article to characterize the nonlinear behavior of the EH circuits and make our design closer to practice.”
• Throughput Maximization for UAV-Enabled Wireless Powered Communication Networks (2018, background): “Note that in practice, the RF-to-DC energy conversion efficiency is generally non-linear and depends on the received RF power level [36] and signal waveform [37].”
• Fundamentals of Wireless Information and Power Transfer: From RF Energy Harvester Models to Signal and System Designs (2018, methodology): “Antenna equivalent circuit (left) and a single diode rectifier (right) [46].”
• UAV-Enabled Wireless Power Transfer: Trajectory Design and Energy Optimization (2017, background): “In practice, the RF-to-DC conversion is generally non-linear and the conversion efficiency critically depends on the received RF power and waveform at the ER (see, [4], [15], [22]).”
• Communications and Signals Design for Wireless Power Transmission (2016, methodology): “More details on this model can be found in [115].”