Parallel processing by cortical inhibition enables context-dependent behavior
By Kishore V. Kuchibhotla, Jonathan V. Gill, Grace W. Lindsay, Eleni S. Papadoyannis, Rachel E. Field, Tom Hindmarsh Sten, Kenneth D. Miller, Robert Froemke. 2016
335 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Physical features of sensory stimuli are fixed, but sensory perception is context dependent. The precise mechanisms that govern contextual modulation remain unknown. Here, we trained mice to switch between two contexts: passively listening to pure tones and performing a recognition task for the same stimuli. Two-photon imaging showed that many excitatory neurons in auditory cortex were suppressed during behavior, while some cells became more active. Whole-cell recordings showed that excitatory inputs were affected only modestly by context, but inhibition was more sensitive, with PV+, SOM+, and VIP+ interneurons balancing inhibition and disinhibition within the network. Cholinergic modulation was involved in context switching, with cholinergic axons increasing activity during behavior and directly depolarizing inhibitory cells. Network modeling captured these findings, but only when modulation coincidently drove all three interneuron subtypes, ruling out either inhibition or disinhibition alone as sole mechanism for active engagement. Parallel processing of cholinergic modulation by cortical interneurons therefore enables context-dependent behavior.
Subfields: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Cognitive Neuroscience
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In Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
In Cognitive Neuroscience
- Nicolas Y. Masse
- Gregory D. Grant
- David J. Freedman
- Gido M. van de Ven
- Andreas S. Tolias
- Mehrdad Farajtabar
- Hassan Ghasemzadeh
- Seyed Iman Mirzadeh
Citations in the corpus
- Alleviating catastrophic forgetting using context-dependent gating and synaptic stabilization (2018, background): “Recent neuroscience studies have highlighted how context-dependent signaling not only allows various cortical areas to process information in a context-dependent manner, but selectively inhibits large parts of the network (19, 20).”
- Adult-born neurons facilitate olfactory bulb pattern separation during task engagement (2018, positive): “This effect is mediated by subtype-specific modulation of local inhibitory neurons (Kuchibhotla et al., 2017).”