SUPERNOVA LIGHT CURVES POWERED BY FALLBACK ACCRETION
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Some fraction of the material ejected in a core collapse supernova explosion may remain bound to the compact remnant, and eventually turn around and fall back. We show that the late time (≳days) power potentially associated with the accretion of this “fallback” material could significantly affect the optical light curve, in some cases producing super-luminous or otherwise peculiar supernovae. We use spherically symmetric hydrodynamical models to estimate the accretion rate at late times for a range of progenitor masses and radii and explosion energies. The accretion rate onto the proto-neutron star or black hole decreases as at late times, but its normalization can be significantly enhanced at low explosion energies, in very massive stars, or if a strong reverse shock wave forms at the helium/hydrogen interface in the progenitor. If the resulting super-Eddington accretion drives an outflow which thermalizes in the outgoing ejecta, the supernova debris will be re-energized at a time when photons can diffuse out efficiently. The resulting light curves are different and more diverse than previous fallback supernova models which ignored the input of accretion power and produced short-lived, dim transients. The possible outcomes when fallback accretion power is significant include super-luminous (≳ 1044 erg s−1) Type II events of both short and long durations, as well as luminous Type I events from compact stars that may have experienced significant mass loss. Accretion power may unbind the remaining infalling material, causing a sudden decrease in the brightness of some long duration Type II events. This scenario may be relevant for explaining some of the recently discovered classes of peculiar and rare supernovae.
Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/2cbbe45382ab4eaf11664e6f76d9b0506ec3fa08
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Citations in the corpus
- HYDROGEN-POOR SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVAE AND LONG-DURATION GAMMA-RAY BURSTS HAVE SIMILAR HOST GALAXIES (2013, background): “Alternatively, the central engine could also be a black hole, where large core angular momentum could allow material which remains bound in the explosion to form an accretion disk and inject energy into the supernova (Dexter & Kasen 2013).”
- An Embedded X-Ray Source Shines through the Aspherical AT 2018cow: Revealing the Inner Workings of the Most Luminous Fast-evolving Optical Transients (2018, background): “The disk will also produce wind ejecta that collides with the outflowing unbound shell, thermalizing its energy and accelerating it to a higher velocity vej∼0.1c (e.g., Dexter & Kasen 2013).”
- BRIGHT “MERGER-NOVA” FROM THE REMNANT OF A NEUTRON STAR BINARY MERGER: A SIGNATURE OF A NEWLY BORN, MASSIVE, MILLISECOND MAGNETAR (2013, background): “1), which were analytically proved by Kasen & Bildsten (2010) and Dexter & Kasen (2013).”
- The Cow: Discovery of a Luminous, Hot, and Rapidly Evolving Transient (2018, methodology): “Therefore, a fallback accretion scenario (Dexter & Kasen 2013) for AT2018cow predicts a similar Mej.”
- On the diversity of superluminous supernovae: ejected mass as the dominant factor (2015, background): “Other central engine models have been proposed, for example fall-back accretion on to a newly formed black hole (Dexter & Kasen 2013), but it is magnetar models that have been explored most in the literature.”
- The diversity of transients from magnetar birth in core collapse supernovae (2015, methodology): “In engine-powered models for SLSNe-I, the central compact object is again either a millisecond proto-magnetar (Kasen & Bildsten 2010; Woosley 2010) or an accreting BH (Dexter & Kasen 2013).”