Microplastics in the marine environment: a review of the methods used for identification and quantification.

By V. Hidalgo‐Ruz, L. Gutow, Richard C. Thompson, M. Thiel. Environmental Science and Technology, 2012

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Microplastic fragments and microbeads in digestive tracts of planktivorous fish from urban coastal waters (2016, neutral): “This proportion of plastics is consistent with those in previous studies of plastic debris in surface seawater, which were dominated by fragments 3,7,8 and by PE or PP 7,30,31 .”
Interaction of toxic chemicals with microplastics: A critical review. (2018, background): “The so-called “microplastics (MPs)” or “plastic pellets” have been detected in various oceanic compartments, including surface seawater, water column and sediment (Claessens et al., 2011; Derraik, 2002; Hammer et al., 2012; Hidalgo-Ruz et al., 2012; Obbard et al., 2014; Van Cauwenberghe et al., 2013”
New techniques for the detection of microplastics in sediments and field collected organisms. (2013, methodology): “A recent literature review (Hidalgo-Ruz et al., 2012) found that out of 68 studies 44 (i.”
Beyond the ocean : Contamination of freshwater ecosystems with (micro-) plastic particles (2015, methodology): “307 This is comparable to marine studies, although the latter also provide measurements of particles per 308 sediment weight ([4]).”
Plastic debris in the open ocean (2014, background): “Plastic pollution found on the ocean surface is dominated by particles smaller than 1 cm in diameter (8), commonly referred to as microplastics.”