Catastrophic events and recovery from low densities in populations of otariids: implications for risk of extinction

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The decline of Steller sea lions Eumetopias jubatus in Alaska : a review of the nutritional stress hypothesis (2003, background): “…fur seals Callorhinus ursinus and harbour seals Phoca vitulina richardsi decreased in the Bering Sea and Gulf of Alaska, and increased between Southeast Alaska and California (Bigg, 1988; Olesiuk, Bigg & Ellis, 1990; Pitcher, 1990; Trites, 1992; Ferrero et al., 2000; Gerber & Hilborn, 2001).”
Recovery of the South American sea lion (Otaria flavescens) population in northern Patagonia (2004, result): “This population is increasing at a relatively high rate and this result agrees with the suggestion that the reduction in population rate of increase at low densities in otariid populations may not be strong (Gerber and Hilborn 2001).”
The evidence for Allee effects (2009, methodology): “One study found no evidence for an Allee effect in furbearing seals ( Gerber and Hilborn 2001 ).”
White-nose syndrome is likely to extirpate the endangered Indiana bat over large parts of its range (2013, methodology): “We incorporated WNS into our population viability analyses as a catastrophe (Simberloff, 1988; Lande, 1993; Gerber and Hilborn, 2001; Gerber et al., 2005); to do so, we addressed four questions, drawn directly from Gerber and Hilborn (2001): (1) What is the likelihood of pathogen arrival into the…”