HIV-1 accessory proteins--ensuring viral survival in a hostile environment.
By M. Malim, M. Emerman. Cell Host and Microbe, 2008
623 citations recorded by the source corpus.
One of the features of primate immunodeficiency viruses (HIVs and SIVs) that distinguishes them from other retroviruses is the array of "accessory" proteins they encode. Here, we discuss recent advances in understanding the interactions of the HIV-1 Nef, Vif, Vpu, and Vpr proteins with factors and pathways expressed in cells of the immune system. In at least three instances, the principal activity of the accessory proteins appears to be evasion from various forms of cell-mediated (or intrinsic), antiviral resistance. Broadly speaking, the HIV-1 accessory proteins modify the local environment within infected cells to ensure viral persistence, replication, dissemination, and transmission.
Subfields: Infectious Diseases, Virology
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/2afb368cb35014e1a06ab38bb90da53b3f15ad16
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In Infectious Diseases
In Virology
Citations in the corpus
- LGP2 is a positive regulator of RIG-I– and MDA5-mediated antiviral responses (2010, background): “These factors act as positive or negative regulators, such as restriction factors, that often limit replication to a narrow range of hosts and cell types (Malim and Emerman, 2008).”
- Global landscape of HIV–human protein complexes (2011, background): “These included an enrichment of host factors involved in transcription physically linked to the HIV transcription factor Tat and an enrichment of host machinery implicated in the regulation of ubiquitination associating with Vpu, Vpr and Vif, HIV accessory factors that hijack ubiquitin ligase”
- Origins of HIV and the AIDS pandemic. (2011, background): “In addition, primates (including humans) encode a number of host restriction factors, which have evolved as part of their innate immune response to protect against infection with a wide variety of viral pathogens (Malim and Emerman 2008; Neil and Bieniasz 2009; Kajaste-Rudnitski et al. 2010).”