Brane-World Gravity

By R. Maartens, K. Koyama. Living Reviews in Relativity, 2004

1,078 citations recorded by the source corpus.

The observable universe could be a 1+3-surface (the “brane”) embedded in a 1+3+d-dimensional spacetime (the “bulk”), with Standard Model particles and fields trapped on the brane while gravity is free to access the bulk. At least one of the d extra spatial dimensions could be very large relative to the Planck scale, which lowers the fundamental gravity scale, possibly even down to the electroweak (∼ TeV) level. This revolutionary picture arises in the framework of recent developments in M theory. The 1+10-dimensional M theory encompasses the known 1+9-dimensional superstring theories, and is widely considered to be a promising potential route to quantum gravity. At low energies, gravity is localized at the brane and general relativity is recovered, but at high energies gravity “leaks” into the bulk, behaving in a truly higher-dimensional way. This introduces significant changes to gravitational dynamics and perturbations, with interesting and potentially testable implications for high-energy astrophysics, black holes, and cosmology. Brane-world models offer a phenomenological way to test some of the novel predictions and corrections to general relativity that are implied by M theory. This review analyzes the geometry, dynamics and perturbations of simple brane-world models for cosmology and astrophysics, mainly focusing on warped 5-dimensional brane-worlds based on the Randall-Sundrum models. We also cover the simplest brane-world models in which 4-dimensional gravity on the brane is modified at low energies — the 5-dimensional Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati models. Then we discuss co-dimension two branes in 6-dimensional models.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/2a80d0cf2cc1756998aa0f85d7d10ac6c3758425

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Citations in the corpus

Massive Gravity (2014, background): “In this review we briefly summarize the DGP model and some key aspects of its phenomenology, and refer the reader to other reviews (see for instance [232, 390, 234]) for more details on the subject.”
Cosmological tests of modified gravity (2015, background): “Braneworld gravity The idea of braneworld was inspired by the discovery of D-branes in string theory (see [30] for a review).”
Tolman IV solution in the Randall-Sundrum Braneworld (2013, background): “Because of this, its study and impact on GR is fully justified and is of great importance [6].”
Cosmological and Solar System Consequences of f(R,T) Gravity Models (2014, background): “, the Kaluza–Klein theories [29] and the braneworld scenarios [30].”
Physics, Astrophysics and Cosmology with Gravitational Waves (2009, background): “String theory [93, 99] and brane theory [192, 248] may also provide mechanisms for generating observable radiation.”
Loop quantum cosmology: a status report (2011, background): “Correspondence with brane world scenarios and scaling solutions: Interestingly, properties of solutions to the modified Friedmann dynamics in LQC have some similarities and dualities with properties of solutions in the brane world scenarios (see [202] for a comprehensive review of brane-worlds).”
Hunting for extra dimensions in the shadow of M87* (2019, background): “A review of brane-world gravity models is given in [14].”
f(R) Theories (2010, background): “4 f (R) theories in extra dimensions Although f (R) theories have been introduced mainly in four dimensions, the same models may appear in the context of braneworld [502, 501] in which our universe is described by a brane embedded in extra dimensions (see [404] for a review).”