Synaptic Mechanisms for Plasticity in Neocortex

By D. Feldman. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 2009

712 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Sensory experience and learning alter sensory representations in cerebral cortex. The synaptic mechanisms underlying sensory cortical plasticity have long been sought. Recent work indicates that long-term cortical plasticity is a complex, multicomponent process involving multiple synaptic and cellular mechanisms. Sensory use, disuse, and training drive long-term potentiation and depression (LTP and LTD), homeostatic synaptic plasticity and plasticity of intrinsic excitability, and structural changes including formation, removal, and morphological remodeling of cortical synapses and dendritic spines. Both excitatory and inhibitory circuits are strongly regulated by experience. This review summarizes these findings and proposes that these mechanisms map onto specific functional components of plasticity, which occur in common across the primary somatosensory, visual, and auditory cortices.

Subfields: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Cognitive Neuroscience, Electrical and Electronic Engineering

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/297a0ecd2b700b99d4275903915ee7d4650428f3

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In Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

In Cognitive Neuroscience

In Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Citations in the corpus

The Convallis Rule for Unsupervised Learning in Cortical Networks (2013, background): “Experimental work has revealed an increasingly detailed picture of synaptic plasticity [1,2], at the level of both phenomenology and cellular mechanisms.”
Therapeutic effects of non-invasive brain stimulation with direct currents (tDCS) in neuropsychiatric diseases (2014, neutral): “, 1998, 2000) and in sensory, and more complex memory formation (Feldman, 2009).”
Balancing Feed-Forward Excitation and Inhibition via Hebbian Inhibitory Synaptic Plasticity (2012, background): “Nevertheless, evidence for STDP of inhibitory synapses is beginning to emerge [48–56].”
Hebbian and Homeostatic Plasticity Mechanisms in Regular Spiking and Intrinsic Bursting Cells of Cortical Layer 5 (2015, neutral): “The cerebral cortex shows a remarkable capacity for functional plasticity (Feldman, 2009; Fox et al., 2000; Fox and Wong, 2005).”
Heterosynaptic Plasticity Prevents Runaway Synaptic Dynamics (2013, background): “…including elimination of the “wrong” connections, such as segregation of inputs from two eyes during development of the visual cortex (Wiesel and Hubel, 1963; Thompson et al., 1983) or formation of other sensory representations (Aitkin et al., 1970; Merzenich et al., 1975; Feldman, 2009).”
Memory and Information Processing in Neuromorphic Systems (2015, background): “As a consequence, the goal of co-localizing memory and computation to mitigate the von Neumann bottleneck problem is only partially solved.”
Plasticity of Cortical Excitatory-Inhibitory Balance (2015, background): “The shape of the experimentally determined inhibitory STDP window (Figure 1b) is similar but not identical to that used by Vogels et al. (2011), although several different formulations of inhibitory STDP learning rules can have similar functional consequences, in terms of calibrating or balancing in”
The spike timing dependence of plasticity (2012, background): “…sensory deprivation, because it occludes , August 23, 2012 ª2012 Elsevier Inc. 565 subsequent CB1-LTD, is expressed presynaptically by reduced release probability, and is prevented by CB1 antagonist treatment in vivo during whisker deprivation (Bender et al., 2006a; Feldman, 2009; Li et al., 2009).”
Partial Breakdown of Input Specificity of STDP at Individual Synapses Promotes New Learning (2016, background): “Experimental evidence shows that plasticity rules may differ across synapses (Nishiyama et al., 2000; Sjöström et al., 2001; Zhou et al., 2005; Haas et al., 2006; Feldman, 2009) and that plastic abilities of synapses may change over time (Abraham and Bear, 1996; Abraham, 2008).”
Sleep and the Price of Plasticity: From Synaptic and Cellular Homeostasis to Memory Consolidation and Integration (2014, background): “The actual plasticity mechanisms employed by specific neuronal populations are bound to be complex, variable, and adaptable to local conditions and firing patterns (Feldman, 2009).”
Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience Synaptic Neuroscience (neutral): “However, at some synapses, STDP appears to be mediated by postsynaptic changes in addition to, or instead of, presynaptic ones (Hardingham et al., 2007; Feldman, 2009).”