DAMPening Inflammation by Modulating TLR Signalling
By A. Piccinini, K. Midwood. Mediators of Inflammation, 2010
1,021 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) include endogenous intracellular molecules released by activated or necrotic cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules that are upregulated upon injury or degraded following tissue damage. DAMPs are vital danger signals that alert our immune system to tissue damage upon both infectious and sterile insult. DAMP activation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) induces inflammatory gene expression to mediate tissue repair. However, DAMPs have also been implicated in diseases where excessive inflammation plays a key role in pathogenesis, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), cancer, and atherosclerosis. TLR activation by DAMPs may initiate positive feedback loops where increasing tissue damage perpetuates pro-inflammatory responses leading to chronic inflammation. Here we explore the current knowledge about distinct signalling cascades resulting from self TLR activation. We also discuss the involvement of endogenous TLR activators in disease and highlight how specifically targeting DAMPs may yield therapies that do not globally suppress the immune system.
Subfields: Immunology, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/287957c0c232d6b09a4458fc6ab6d82ee56806be
How researchers see this paper
The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.
In Immunology
- N. Rosenblatt-Velin
- Roberto Romero
- L. Liaudet
- S. Goldring
- C. Scanzello
- P. Chaemsaithong
- J. Lugrin
- R. Parapanov
Citations in the corpus
- The role of oxidative stress during inflammatory processes (2013, background): “…proteins, fatty acids, lipoproteins, proteoglycans, and glycosaminoglycans (mainly detected by TLR4, and, to a lesser extent, TLR2), as well as nucleic acids and protein-nucleic acid complexes (detected by TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9) (see Piccinini and Midwood, 2010 for extensive review).”
- Acute Chorioamnionitis and Funisitis: Definition, Pathologic Features, and Clinical Significance (2015, background): “conditions or cell death can induce intraamniotic inflammation (“sterile inflammation”).(308-319) The diagnosis of this condition is one of exclusion and requires examination of the amniotic fluid with both cultivation and molecular microbiologic techniques.”
- The Role of Synovitis in Osteoarthritis pathogenesis (2012, background): “However, activation of the same pattern-recognition receptors involved in the response to pathogens occurs during cellular stress and extracellular matrix damage in the setting of sterile tissue injury (79).”