Sugar and the Expansion of the Early Modern World-Economy Commodity Frontiers, Ecological Transformation, and Industrialization*

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Environmental Justice and Economic Degrowth: An Alliance between Two Movements (2012, background): “Even an economy without growth, if based on fossil fuels, would need to obtain new sources of energy at the ‘‘commodity frontiers’’ (Moore 2000) because energy is not recycled.”
The Environmentalism of the Poor revisited: : Territory and place in disconnected glocal struggles (2014, background): “from the fossil fuels is used only once, and new suppliesmust be obtained from the “commodity frontiers” (Moore, 2000).”
Is there a global environmental justice movement? (2016, background): “Therefore, energy from fossil fuels and new supplies of coal, oil and gas must be obtained from constantly expanding ‘commodity frontiers’ (Moore 2000).”
Hegemonic transitions and global shifts in social metabolism: Implications for resource-rich countries. Introduction to the special section (2012, background): “The notion of ‘‘commodity frontier’’ (Moore, 2000) is an interesting”