Examining Crowd Work and Gig Work Through the Historical Lens of Piecework

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CrowdWorkSheets: Accounting for Individual and Collective Identities Underlying Crowdsourced Dataset Annotation (2022, background): “The historical lineage of crowdsourced labor can be traced back to manufacturing innovation of piecework [2]—a form of labor that produced the “unskilled worker” as the paradigmatic interchangeable component and which has been credited with giving rise to the productivity and ingenuity of American m”
Fair Work: Crowd Work Minimum Wage with One Line of Code (2019, background): “These issues are modern instantiations of the historical practice of piecework (Alkhatib, Bernstein, and Levi 2017).”
A Data-Driven Analysis of Workers' Earnings on Amazon Mechanical Turk (2017, background): “primary goal of workers is income generation [4,13,44,47], rather than having fun or making pocket money [2,4,41].”
Quantifying the Invisible Labor in Crowd Work (2021, background): “From the workers’ perspective, these markets provide a central place to find work and offer them the flexibility of working from wherever they desire [1, 87].”