Letters of Gratitude: Improving Well-Being through Expressive Writing.

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Why do people prefer gratitude journaling over gratitude letters? The influence of individual differences in motivation and personality on web-based interventions (2015, background): “Expressing gratitude to another person via a letter offers a unique vehicle for furthering one’s own gratitude (Toepfer & Walker, 2009) and enhancing social relationships (Lambert, Clark, Durtschi, Fincham, & Graham, 2010; Lambert & Fincham, 2011).”
Gratitude and Subjective Wellbeing: A Proposal of Two Causal Frameworks (2017, result): “This finding is in line with research done by Toepfer and Walker (2009), who showed that daily gratitude practice, by writing a gratitude letter to someone over a 4 week period, only led to increases in positive affect when initial self-reported happiness ratings were low.”
Letters of Gratitude: Further Evidence for Author Benefits (2012, methodology): “The Toepfer and Walker (2009) study employed a three-letter method which examined changes over time in happiness, life-satisfaction, and gratitude compared to controls.”