Secondary Frequency and Voltage Control of Islanded Microgrids via Distributed Averaging

By John William Simpson-Porco, Qobad Shafiee, Florian Dörfler, Juan Carlos Vasquez, Josep M. Guerrero, Francesco Bullo. IEEE transactions on industrial electronics (1982. Print), 2015

944 citations recorded by the source corpus.

In this paper, we present new distributed controllers for secondary frequency and voltage control in islanded microgrids. Inspired by techniques from cooperative control, the proposed controllers use localized information and nearest-neighbor communication to collectively perform secondary control actions. The frequency controller rapidly regulates the microgrid frequency to its nominal value while maintaining active power sharing among the distributed generators. Tuning of the voltage controller provides a simple and intuitive tradeoff between the conflicting goals of voltage regulation and reactive power sharing. Our designs require no knowledge of the microgrid topology, impedances, or loads. The distributed architecture allows for flexibility and redundancy, eliminating the need for a central microgrid controller. We provide a voltage stability analysis and present extensive experimental results validating our designs, verifying robust performance under communication failure and during plug-and-play operation.

Subfields: Control and Systems Engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/251f7112f083a3072611eb2cedfa769166b3b759

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Control and Systems Engineering

In Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Citations in the corpus

Power systems with high renewable energy sources: A review of inertia and frequency control strategies over time (2019, background): “l is triggered before the frequency deviation exceeds 20 mHz [104]. Secondary frequency control or automatic generation control (AGC) removes the steady-state frequency deviation generated by the PFC [105]. An integral controller modies the turbine governor set-point to bring the freFigure 13: Frequ”
Distributed and Decentralized Voltage Control of Smart Distribution Networks: Models, Methods, and Future Research (2017, background): “in [56], where the proposed controllers can be tuned to achieve different goals.”
Breaking the Hierarchy: Distributed Control and Economic Optimality in Microgrids (2014, background): “The equations (1)-(4) are valid for purely inductive lines without resistive losses.”
Distributed Control Strategies for Microgrids: An Overview (2020, neutral): “In several works, the effects of time delays in distributed controllers, for secondary control of AC -MGs, have been discussed [63], [126], [140], [141], [174], [220], [237], [257].”
Droop-Based Distributed Cooperative Control for Microgrids With Time-Varying Delays (2016, background): “The existing secondary control strategies have endeavored from centralized control [10], [11] (with low reliability), decentralized control [12]–[14], to the current distributed control [15]–[19], [34], [35] (with high reliability and low cost).”
Distributed Energy Resources Based Microgrid: Review of Architecture, Control, and Reliability (2021, background): “Reactive power-sharing, accurate frequency regulation, and PQ compensation are some of the additional goals of secondary control strategy [22].”
A Survey on Model-Based Distributed Control and Filtering for Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems (2019, background): “As stated in [128], the designed distributed control removing the need of a central supervisory satisﬁes a tunable trade-off between reactive power sharing and voltage regulation.”