Trends in aerosol radiative effects over Europe inferred from observed cloud cover, solar “dimming,” and solar “brightening”

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Aerosol and cloud effects on solar brightening and the recent rapid warming (2008, methodology): “…Sun’s radiative output [Foukal et al., 2006], and is therefore expected to be a consequence of changing atmo- spheric transmittance due to increases and subsequent decreases in anthropogenic aerosol concentrations [Norris and Wild, 2007], cloud mediated aerosol effects, and direct cloud effects.”
Global observations of aerosol‐cloud‐precipitation‐climate interactions (2014, background): “Distinct “dimming” and “brightening” trends are found in surface solar radiation for clear skies but less clearly for cloudy skies [Wild, 2005; Wild et al., 2009; Wild, 2012; Norris and Wild, 2007; Ruckstuhl et al., 2008].”
Global dimming and brightening: A review (2009, methodology): “, 2006, 2007] and in Europe from 1971 to 1986 on an annual basis [Norris and Wild, 2007].”
Atmospheric impacts on climatic variability of surface incident solar radiation (2012, background): “These changes in atmospheric aerosols contributed to the observed decadal variation inRs over Europe (Norris and Wild, 2007) and Asia (Norris and Wild, 2009).”
Enlightening Global Dimming and Brightening (2012, background): “Cloud cover changes effectively modulate SSR on an interannual basis, but their contribution to the detected longer-term (decadal) SSR trends is not always obvious (e.g., Qian et al. 2006; Norris and Wild 2007).”