Whale watching worldwide: tourism numbers, expenditures and expanding economic benefits. A special report from the International Fund for Animal Welfare.

By S. O’Connor, R. Campbell, H. Cortez, T. Knowles. 2009

303 citations recorded by the source corpus.

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/23d4e2f6bbb399ebfb0cc377c7ae455f6b8e8529

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Citations in the corpus

Contributions of cultural services to the ecosystem services agenda (2012, background): “(85) estimate that whale watching generated expenditures of US $2.”
Socio-economic value and community benefits from shark-diving tourism in Palau: A sustainable use of reef shark populations (2012, unknown): “1 billion (O’Connor et al., 2009).”
Enhancing the visitor experience: reconceptualising the tour guide’s communicative role (2014, background): “This industry has grown rapidly since the late 1990s (IFAW, 2009) after being initiated by one expatriate tourism operator, and the majority of overseas tourists (83%) who arrive by air visit Tonga specifically for this experience, whilst 53% of arrivals by yacht also watch or swim with the whales (”
Biological Impacts of the 2013–2015 Warm-Water Anomaly in the Northeast Pacific: Winners, Losers, and the Future (2016, background): “The United States has the largest whale watching industry in the world, with millions of whale watchers and revenues of approximately $1 billion each year (O’Connor et al., 2009).”
Marine megafauna interactions with small-scale fisheries in the southwestern Indian Ocean: a review of status and challenges for research and management (2018, background): “Vulnerable marine megafauna are an important source of income, both in fisheries and increasingly from ecotourism activities (Cisneros-Montemayor et al. 2013; O’Connor et al. 2009).”
Biological effects, conservation potential, and research priorities of shark diving tourism. (2015, background): “…the socioeconomic benefits from the shark diving industry are both large and widespread, however, these revenues are much lower than those generated by other wildlife tourism industries which appeal to wider audience of users such as whale-watching (c.f. US$ 2 billion/year; O’Connor et al., 2009).”
Linking Behavior to Vital Rates to Measure the Effects of Non‐Lethal Disturbance on Wildlife (2015, background): “During the last two decades, the whalewatching industry has experienced a rapid growth worldwide, and as a result of this, most coastal cetacean populations are now being exposed to some form of whalewatching (O’Connor et al. 2009).”