Effective Diameter in Radiation Transfer: General Definition, Applications, and Limitations

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Ice Cloud Particle Size Distributions and Pressure-Dependent Terminal Velocities from In Situ Observations at Temperatures from 0° to −86°C (2013, background): “Adjustments of this relationship to other pressures and temperatures take on the following forms (Rutledge and Hobbs 1984; Lin et al. 1983): Vt 5 aD b(1000/P)w or (10a) Vt 5 aD b[ra(P5 1000 hPa)/ra(P)] , (10b) wherew; 0.4.”
Toward a Minimal Representation of Aerosols in Climate Models: Comparative Decomposition of Aerosol Direct, Semidirect, and Indirect Radiative Forcing (2012, methodology): “…a gamma size distribution and the ice particle mass and projected area-dimension power laws using the modified anomalous diffraction approximation (Mitchell 2000, 2002; Mitchell et al. 2006). d. Turbulence The treatment of turbulence in CAM.1 is described by Bretherton and Park (2009), and its…”
Arctic Mixed-Phase Cloud Properties from AERI Lidar Observations: Algorithm and Results from SHEBA (2005, methodology): “It should be noted that the effective diameter De that is used for the radar retrievals follows the definition from Mitchell (2002), which is defined as De 1.5IWC i A , 10 where i is the bulk density of ice and A is the total projected area of the crystals.”
An Overview of the Atmospheric Component of the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (2019, methodology): “Liquid cloud drop optics are calculated following Wiscombe (1996), and ice cloud optics are calculated following Mitchell (2002).”