AMP-activated protein kinase: an energy sensor that regulates all aspects of cell function.

By D. Hardie. Genes & Development, 2011

1,588 citations recorded by the source corpus.

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a sensor of energy status that maintains cellular energy homeostasis. It arose very early during eukaryotic evolution, and its ancestral role may have been in the response to starvation. Recent work shows that the kinase is activated by increases not only in AMP, but also in ADP. Although best known for its effects on metabolism, AMPK has many other functions, including regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and disposal, autophagy, cell polarity, and cell growth and proliferation. Both tumor cells and viruses establish mechanisms to down-regulate AMPK, allowing them to escape its restraining influences on growth.

Subfields: Epidemiology, Molecular Biology, Surgery

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/2231f887399ada5258e340d9e167724d0f9ba1ed

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Citations in the corpus

• MYC, Metabolism, and Cancer. (2015, background): “When ATP is consumed and AMP is produced, AMPK is activated, and its phosphorylation of key substrates (86), such as acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha (ACACA), diminishes fatty acid synthesis and other high energy–consuming pathways.”
• Mitochondrial dysfunction in cell senescence and aging (2022, background): “Canto C, et al. AMPK regulates energy expenditure 9J Clin Invest.”
• AMPK is a negative regulator of the Warburg Effect and suppresses tumor growth in vivo (2012, background): “AMPK is activated in response to declining fuel supply and functions in the decision to allocate nutrients toward catabolic/energy-producing or anabolic/growth-promoting metabolic pathways (Hardie, 2011).”
• Nutrient sensing and signaling in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2014, background): “AMPKs have a central role in sensing and responding to conditions in which energy reserves are depleted, by promoting both generation and preservation of energy (Hardie, 2011).”
• Metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic modifications on the path to cancer (2021, background): “In rapidly proliferating cells, citrate, upon synthesis due to acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate (OAA) condensation in mitochondria, is quickly exported to the cytosol by the citrate carrier SLC25A1, where it is converted back to acetyl-CoA and OAA by ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) (Icard et al., 2012; Zaidi et”
• Oxidative stress and autophagy: the clash between damage and metabolic needs (2014, background): “The maintenance of endergonic processes strictly depends on the maintenance of ATP levels, and for this reason, cells (1) actively synthesize ATP and (2) have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to face up energetic stress.(28)”
• The role of estrogens in control of energy balance and glucose homeostasis. (2013, background): “It should be noted that AMPK is considered a central regulator of many cellular processes, including cell growth, mitochondrial biogenesis, and oxidative metabolism (262, 263).”