OncomiRs: the discovery and progress of microRNAs in cancers

By William C. S. Cho. Molecular Cancer, 2007

741 citations recorded by the source corpus.

AbstractmicroRNAs (miRNAs) are evolutionarily conserved, endogenous, small, noncoding RNA molecules of about 22 nucleotides in length that function as posttranscriptional gene regulators. They are deemed to play a crucial role in the initiation and progression of human cancer, and those with a role in cancer are designated as oncogenic miRNAs (oncomiRs). For example, miR-15 and miR-16 induce apoptosis by targeting Bcl2. miRNAs from the miR-17-92 cluster modulate tumor formation and function as oncogenes by influencing the translation of E2F1 mRNA. miR-21 modulates gemcitabine-induced apoptosis by phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10-dependent activation of PI 3-kinase signaling. miR-34a acts as a suppressor of neuroblastoma tumorigenesis by targeting the mRNA encoding E2F3 and reducing E2F3 protein levels. The chromosomal translocations associating with human tumors disrupt the repression of High mobility group A2 by let-7 miRNA. In addition, the oncomiRs expression profiling of human malignancies has also identified a number of diagnostic and prognostic cancer signatures. This article introduces the roles of oncomiRs in neoplasm development, progression, diagnosis, prognostication, as well as their mechanism of actions on target mRNAs and the functional outcomes of their actions on mRNAs. The paper ends with a brief perspective to the future of oncomiRs.

Subfields: Cancer Research, Molecular Biology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/21d77610e229cb9fc6f33c4fa40de41a1a97b4de

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Cancer Research

1. Y. Surh
2. J. Kundu
3. E. J. Lee
4. Thomas D. Schmittgen

In Molecular Biology

1. J. Kundu
2. Y. Surh
3. E. J. Lee
4. Thomas D. Schmittgen
5. B. Sasikumar
6. K. Boxaspen

Citations in the corpus

• Inflammation: gearing the journey to cancer. (2008, background): “Several miRNAs have already been demonstrated to behave as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes in many types of cancer [245], and are referred to as ‘oncomiRs’ [246,247].”
• Modulation of K-ras-dependent lung tumorigenesis by microRNA-21 (2010, neutral): “MicroRNAs are evolutionarily conserved, endogenous, nonprotein-coding, 20–23 nucleotide single-stranded RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression in a sequence-specific manner (Cho, 2007; Esquela-Kerscher and Slack, 2006; Voorhoeve and Agami, 2007).”
• Detection of microRNA Expression in Human Peripheral Blood Microvesicles (2008, background): “MiRNAs play an important role in disease progression and carcinogenesis [12,13]; MiRNAs can act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors [14].”