Floral integration, modularity, and accuracy: distinguishing complex adaptations from genetic constraints

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Morphological Integration and Developmental Modularity (2008, methodology): “…analyses hypothesized that selection causes functional and genetic modularity to converge (Cheverud 1996, Wagner 1996, Wagner & Altenberg 1996), and empirical studies have provided some support for this idea (Armbruster et al. 2004, Cheverud et al. 1997, Klingenberg et al. 2004, Mezey et al. 2000).”
Working Towards a Holistic View on Flower Traits— How Floral Scents Mediate Plant-Animal Interactions in Concert with Other Floral Characters (2015, background): “It is useful to consider that flowers often have an integrated phenotype with fixed proportions between the dimensions of several morphological traits; such integration facilitates precision and thus efficiency of pollen transfer by pollinators that are forced to physically engage with flowers and t”