Limits to community participation in the tourism development process in developing countries

By Cevat Tosun. Tourism Management, 2000

1,309 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Abstract This study deals with a normative concept of participatory development approach, which originates in the developed world. In particular, it analyses and explains the limitations to the participatory tourism development approach in the context of developing countries. It was found that there are operational, structural and cultural limits to community participation in the TDP in many developing countries although they do not equally exist in every tourist destination. Moreover, while these limits tend to exhibit higher intensity and greater persistence in the developing world than in the developed world, they appear to be a reflection of prevailing socio-political, economic and cultural structure in many developing countries. On the other hand, it was also found that although these limitations may vary over time according to types, scale and levels of tourism development, the market served, and cultural attributes of local communities, forms and scale of tourism developed are beyond the control of local communities. It concludes that formulating and implementing the participatory tourism development approach requires a total change in socio-political, legal, administrative and economic structure of many developing countries, for which hard political choices and logical decisions based on cumbersome social, economic and environmental trade-offs are sine qua non alongside deliberate help, collaboration and co-operation of major international donor agencies, NGOs, international tour operators and multinational companies.

Subfields: Demography, Sociology and Political Science, Transportation

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/208a1096c23e0c93cbcf4523c80483e4828a8685

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Citations in the corpus

Sustainable Tourism Development: A Critique (2003, background): “Community tourism or community involvement in tourism development is often difficult to implement, especially in developing countries (Tosun, 2000).”
Towards a model to enhance destination competitiveness : a Southern African perspective (2003, background): “…key findings of the initial research and guidelines derived from various apparent international best practices (Murphy, 1985; Prentice, 1993, Getz & Jamal, 1994; Simmons, 1994; Tosun, 2000), a participative planning and marketing framework was developed (Heath, 1989), tested and refined over time.”
Collaborative Tourism Planning: A Case Study of Cusco, Peru (2002, background): “Finally, as advocated by Tosun (2000), it should be noted that the political economy of tourism suggests that tourism development itself is a reflection of the political economy of the industry and broader historical, economic and political relations among regions, countries and classes.”
Residents as Travel Destination Information Providers: An Online Community Perspective (2010, background): “Resident research has studied topics such as demographics of residents and perceived tourism impacts on the community (BastiasPerez and Var 1995), residents’ perceptions of economic aspects of tourism (Tomljenovic and Faulkner 2000; Tosun 2000), resi dents’ perceptions of environmental outcomes of”
Barriers to community capacity building for tourism development in communities in Shiraz, Iran (2011, methodology): “These findings are consistent with those of Tosun (2000), who states that a lack of awareness is a key barrier to effective communication for tourism development.”
Community-based Tourism Enterprises Development in Kenya: An Exploration of Their Potential as Avenues of Poverty Reduction (2007, background): “In line with this, legislation (particularly that supporting game reserves to protect wildlife resources) disadvantages local communities (Tosun, 2000).”
Community Based Tourism in Namibia: ‘Reality Show’ or ‘Window Dressing’? (2007, background): “Community participation and tourism in Namibia In line with what Tosun (2000) suggests, the ‘Communal Conservancy Legislation’ of 1997 is aimed at the devolution of certain powers to lower levels of decision making groups, by enabling village councils to gain responsibility of local tourism…”
From Leakages to Linkages: Local-Level Strategies for Capturing Tourism Revenue in Northern Thailand (2010, background): “Unfortunately, local entrepreneurs frequently lack the capital (Forsyth 1995; Cheong 2003), education (Fuller et al. 2005) and experience (Holder 1989; Tosun 2000; Nyaupane et al. 2006) needed to run a business orientated towards tourists.”
Tourism and Poverty Alleviation: An Integrative Research Framework (2007, background): “According to Tosun (2000), due to a variety of operational, structural and cultural barriers embedded in impoverished areas, real mass public participation actually seldom happens to the poor.”
Community-based tourism as a sustainable solution to maximise impacts locally? The Tsiseb Conservancy case, Namibia (2010, background): “As has happened elsewhere in other ventures in Namibia and worldwide (Tosun, 2000; Murphy & Halstead, 2003; Li, 2006; Mitchell & Muckosy, 2008), collective governance of this community project has recently proven time consuming and cumbersome and has finally undermined incentives to work.”
Community-Based Tourism in Developing Countries: A Framework for Policy Evaluation (2019, background): “It is a form of voluntary action in which individuals confront opportunities and responsibilities of citizenship, such as self-governance, response to external decisions that impact one’s life, and collaborative work on collective issues [8].”
Tourism-led local economic development: The South African experience (2002, background): “These ten principles, which draw particularly from the works of Davidson and Maitland (1997), Goodwin (1998) Ashley et al. (2000), Geerts (2000), Swarbrooke (2000) and Tosun (2000) , represent essential elements of an emerging best practice for tourism-led LED.”